﻿POLISHED 
  STONE 
  ARTICLES 
  USED 
  BY 
  THE 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  ABORIGINES 
  27 
  

  

  small 
  quantities, 
  and 
  soon 
  became 
  quite 
  abundant. 
  It 
  assumed 
  

   many 
  forms, 
  and 
  was 
  commonly 
  delicately 
  perforated 
  for 
  suspen- 
  

   sion, 
  often 
  having 
  a 
  double 
  parallel 
  perforation 
  for 
  the 
  purpose 
  of 
  

   keeping 
  it 
  exactly 
  in 
  place. 
  By 
  this 
  time 
  the 
  Indians 
  had 
  many 
  . 
  

   steel 
  tools, 
  and 
  handled 
  them 
  with 
  native 
  taste 
  and 
  skill, 
  fashioning 
  

   many 
  simple 
  ornaments 
  for 
  themselves. 
  They 
  became 
  good 
  gun- 
  

   smiths, 
  good 
  silversmiths, 
  and 
  spared 
  no 
  time 
  to 
  make 
  an 
  article 
  

   good. 
  Plain 
  circular 
  ornaments, 
  which 
  were 
  often 
  but 
  flat 
  rings, 
  

   were 
  favorites, 
  and 
  these 
  must 
  have 
  been 
  laid 
  out 
  with 
  compasses, 
  

   which 
  they 
  had 
  very 
  early 
  learned 
  to 
  use. 
  Many 
  articles 
  were 
  

   straight 
  sided, 
  and 
  almost 
  pyramidal 
  in 
  outline. 
  Some 
  pieces 
  of 
  

   stone 
  were 
  wrought 
  into 
  fishes, 
  and 
  others 
  into 
  human 
  masks, 
  often 
  

   very 
  small 
  in 
  size. 
  Any 
  ornamental 
  form 
  was 
  useful, 
  and 
  some 
  

   were 
  derived 
  from 
  the 
  whites. 
  The 
  gradual 
  change 
  in 
  ornament 
  is 
  

   easily 
  seen, 
  particularly 
  on 
  the 
  historic 
  sites 
  in 
  the 
  counties 
  of 
  

   Cayuga, 
  Montgomery 
  and 
  Onondaga. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  5 
  is 
  a 
  characteristic 
  example 
  of 
  the 
  red 
  pipestone 
  orna- 
  

   ment, 
  nearly 
  one 
  and 
  one 
  half 
  inches 
  long 
  and 
  over 
  three 
  quarters 
  

   wide 
  at 
  the 
  base. 
  It 
  is 
  less 
  than 
  a 
  quarter 
  of 
  an 
  inch 
  wide 
  at 
  the 
  

   narrow 
  end, 
  and 
  there 
  are 
  small 
  and 
  shallow 
  indentations 
  all 
  along 
  

   the 
  two 
  longer 
  edges, 
  and 
  on 
  both 
  sides. 
  A 
  double 
  perforation 
  

   extends 
  from 
  end 
  to 
  end, 
  and 
  is 
  very 
  small. 
  This 
  is 
  from 
  Oneida 
  

   Lake. 
  Fig. 
  41 
  is 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  material, 
  and 
  is 
  of 
  a 
  dagger 
  form, 
  

   with 
  a 
  long 
  groove 
  on 
  the 
  face. 
  It 
  is 
  a 
  little 
  over 
  an 
  inch 
  in 
  length, 
  

   and 
  comes 
  from 
  an 
  Oneida 
  site 
  near 
  Munnsville, 
  in 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  

   which 
  the 
  Oneidas 
  long 
  dwelt. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  44 
  is 
  of 
  an 
  older 
  and 
  more 
  curious 
  article, 
  from 
  a 
  site 
  occu- 
  

   pied 
  by 
  the 
  Onondagas 
  about 
  A. 
  D. 
  1600. 
  It 
  is 
  a 
  piece 
  of 
  sandstone 
  

   almost 
  square 
  ; 
  in 
  general 
  appearance 
  like 
  the 
  nut 
  used 
  with 
  a 
  screw. 
  

   It 
  is 
  perforated 
  like 
  that, 
  and 
  is 
  slightly 
  convex 
  on 
  one 
  side 
  and 
  con- 
  

   cave 
  on 
  the 
  other. 
  One 
  broad 
  surface 
  is 
  grooved. 
  The 
  diameter 
  

   is 
  one 
  inch. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  46 
  comprises 
  figures 
  of 
  three 
  stone 
  beads, 
  made 
  of 
  small 
  

   drab 
  colored 
  concretions, 
  from 
  Chaumont 
  in 
  Jefferson 
  County. 
  

   Fig. 
  52 
  shows 
  more 
  from 
  the 
  same 
  place. 
  They 
  are 
  more 
  com- 
  

   monly 
  made 
  from 
  some 
  perforated 
  fossil, 
  like 
  the 
  encrinite 
  stems. 
  

  

  