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  USED 
  BY 
  THE 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  ABORIGINES 
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  smoked 
  in 
  and 
  used 
  to 
  fire, 
  when 
  they 
  become 
  quite 
  hard. 
  They 
  are 
  

   often 
  a 
  full 
  span 
  long, 
  and 
  the 
  bowls 
  are 
  about 
  half 
  as 
  large 
  again 
  

   as 
  those 
  of 
  our 
  English 
  pipes. 
  The 
  forepart 
  of 
  each 
  commonly 
  

   runs 
  out 
  with 
  a 
  sharp 
  peak, 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  fingers 
  broad, 
  and 
  a 
  quar- 
  

   ter 
  of 
  an 
  inch 
  thick. 
  On 
  both 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  bowl 
  they 
  cut 
  several 
  

   pictures, 
  with 
  a 
  great 
  deal 
  of 
  skill 
  and 
  labor.' 
  

  

  In 
  his 
  early 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  Narragansetts, 
  Wood 
  says, 
  ' 
  From 
  

   hence 
  other 
  tribes 
  have 
  their 
  great 
  stone 
  pipes, 
  which 
  will 
  hold 
  a 
  

   quarter 
  of 
  an 
  ounce 
  of 
  tobacco, 
  which 
  they 
  make 
  with 
  steel 
  drills 
  

   and 
  other 
  instruments 
  ; 
  such 
  is 
  their 
  ingenuity 
  and 
  dexterity 
  that 
  they 
  

   can 
  imitate 
  the 
  English 
  mold 
  so 
  accurately 
  that 
  were 
  it 
  not 
  for 
  

   matter 
  and 
  color 
  it 
  were 
  hard 
  to 
  distinguish 
  them; 
  they 
  make 
  these 
  

   of 
  green, 
  and 
  sometimes 
  of 
  black 
  stone.' 
  

  

  Capt. 
  John 
  Smith 
  described 
  the 
  stone 
  pipes, 
  apparently, 
  of 
  the 
  

   Sasquesahanocks, 
  although 
  they 
  were 
  of 
  the 
  Huron 
  Iroquois 
  family, 
  

   which 
  then 
  used 
  mainly 
  clay 
  pipes. 
  In 
  describing 
  one 
  of 
  these 
  

   gigantic 
  men, 
  he 
  spoke 
  of 
  ' 
  his 
  tobacco 
  pipe, 
  three 
  quarters 
  of 
  a 
  

   yard 
  long, 
  prettily 
  carved 
  with 
  a 
  bird 
  or 
  beare, 
  a 
  deare 
  or 
  some 
  such 
  

   device 
  at 
  the 
  great 
  end, 
  sufficient 
  to 
  beat 
  out 
  the 
  brains 
  of 
  a 
  man.' 
  

  

  In 
  1756 
  Sir 
  William 
  Johnson 
  presented 
  a 
  great 
  calumet 
  to 
  the 
  

   Six 
  Nations, 
  and 
  said, 
  * 
  Take 
  this 
  pipe 
  to 
  your 
  great 
  council 
  chamber 
  

   at 
  Onondaga. 
  Let 
  it 
  hang 
  there 
  in 
  view, 
  and 
  should 
  you 
  be 
  waver- 
  

   ing 
  in 
  your 
  minds 
  at 
  any 
  time, 
  take 
  and 
  smoke 
  out 
  of 
  it, 
  and 
  think 
  

   of 
  my 
  advice 
  given 
  with 
  it, 
  and 
  you 
  will 
  recover 
  and 
  think 
  properly.' 
  

   Gives 
  the 
  largest 
  pipe 
  in 
  America, 
  made 
  on 
  purpose. 
  They 
  re- 
  

   plied, 
  ' 
  We 
  assure 
  you 
  we 
  shall 
  hang 
  it 
  up 
  in 
  our 
  council 
  chamber, 
  

   and 
  make 
  proper 
  use 
  of 
  it 
  upon 
  all 
  occasions.' 
  This 
  great 
  pipe 
  was 
  

   used 
  at 
  the 
  conference 
  with 
  Pontiac 
  at 
  Oswego, 
  in 
  July, 
  1766. 
  

   Pontiac's 
  pipe 
  was 
  lighted 
  and 
  handed 
  around, 
  and 
  afterwards 
  ' 
  the 
  

   Onondaga 
  speaker 
  Hghted 
  a 
  calumet 
  of 
  peace, 
  which 
  Sir 
  William 
  

   left 
  in 
  their 
  hands 
  many 
  years 
  ago, 
  for 
  their 
  use, 
  and 
  handed 
  it 
  about 
  

   to 
  the 
  western 
  Indians.' 
  This 
  probably 
  disappeared 
  in 
  the 
  Revolu- 
  

   tionary 
  war. 
  

  

  In 
  his 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  conference 
  between 
  De 
  la 
  Barre 
  and 
  the 
  

   Onondagas 
  in 
  1684, 
  La 
  Hontan 
  described 
  the 
  pipe 
  of 
  peace, 
  and 
  

   perhaps 
  had 
  in 
  mind 
  the 
  one 
  then 
  used. 
  The 
  council 
  assembled,. 
  

  

  