﻿196 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEDM 
  

  

  SLATE 
  

  

  Argillite, 
  clay-filate, 
  or 
  roofing 
  slate, 
  which 
  is 
  marked 
  by 
  the 
  

   presence 
  of 
  cleavage 
  planes, 
  and 
  can 
  be 
  split 
  into 
  thin 
  plates 
  of 
  

   uniform 
  thickness, 
  is 
  a 
  characteristic 
  rock 
  in 
  the 
  Hudson 
  river 
  

   group 
  and 
  the 
  Lower 
  Cambrian 
  or 
  Georgian 
  group. 
  

  

  Slate 
  suitable 
  for 
  roofing 
  has 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  many 
  localities, 
  

   and 
  quarries 
  have 
  been 
  opened 
  in 
  Orange, 
  Dutchess, 
  Columbia, 
  

   Rensselaer 
  and 
  Washington 
  counties. 
  The 
  openings 
  in 
  Orange 
  

   county 
  have 
  not 
  resulted 
  in 
  productive 
  quarries. 
  In 
  Columbia 
  

   county 
  quarries 
  were 
  worked 
  many 
  years 
  ago, 
  east 
  of 
  New 
  

   Lebanon. 
  The 
  Hoosick 
  quarries, 
  in 
  Rensselaer 
  county, 
  were 
  once 
  

   more 
  extensively 
  worked, 
  and 
  produced 
  a 
  good, 
  black 
  slate. 
  Out- 
  

   crops 
  of 
  red 
  slate 
  are 
  noted 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  Hudson, 
  from 
  Fishkill 
  

   and 
  Matteawan 
  northward, 
  -but 
  no 
  attempts 
  have 
  been 
  made 
  to 
  

   open 
  quarries 
  in 
  them. 
  

  

  The 
  productive 
  slate 
  quarries 
  of 
  the 
  state 
  are 
  in 
  a 
  narrow 
  belt, 
  

   which 
  runs 
  a 
  north-northeast 
  course 
  through 
  the 
  towns 
  of 
  Salem, 
  

   Hebron, 
  Granville, 
  Hampton 
  and 
  Whitehall 
  in 
  Washington 
  

   county. 
  

  

  This 
  slate 
  belt 
  is 
  divided 
  by 
  the 
  quarrymen 
  into 
  four 
  parallel 
  

   ranges 
  or 
  Weins,' 
  which 
  are: 
  East 
  Whitehall 
  red 
  slates; 
  the 
  

   Mettowee, 
  or 
  North 
  Bend 
  red 
  slate; 
  the 
  purple, 
  green 
  and 
  varie- 
  

   gated 
  slates 
  of 
  Middle 
  Granville; 
  and 
  the 
  Granville 
  red 
  slates. 
  

   The 
  latter 
  are 
  close 
  to 
  the 
  Vermont 
  line. 
  Further 
  to 
  the 
  east, 
  

   but 
  over 
  the 
  state 
  line, 
  in 
  Vermont, 
  is 
  the 
  range 
  of 
  the 
  sea-green 
  

   slates. 
  j 
  

  

  The 
  quarry 
  localities 
  are 
  at 
  Shushan, 
  Salem, 
  and 
  Black 
  Creek 
  

   valley, 
  in 
  the 
  town 
  of 
  Salem, 
  Slateville, 
  in 
  Hebron, 
  Granville, 
  the 
  

   Penrhyn 
  Slate 
  Company's 
  quarries. 
  Middle 
  Granville, 
  Mettowee 
  

   or 
  North 
  Bend 
  quarries, 
  and 
  the 
  Hatch 
  Hill 
  quarries 
  in 
  East 
  

   Whitehall. 
  

  

  LIMESTONE 
  AND 
  MARBLE 
  

  

  Limestones 
  consist 
  essentially 
  of 
  calcium 
  carbonate. 
  They 
  are, 
  

   however, 
  often 
  quite 
  impure; 
  and 
  the 
  more 
  common 
  accessory 
  

   constituents 
  are 
  silica, 
  clay, 
  oxides 
  of 
  iron, 
  magnesia, 
  and 
  bitumi- 
  

  

  