﻿ECONOMIC 
  GEOLOGY 
  199 
  

  

  Crystalline 
  limestones 
  occur 
  in 
  New 
  York 
  and 
  Westchester 
  

   counties, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  Highlands 
  of 
  the 
  Hudson. 
  In 
  the 
  Adiron- 
  

   dack 
  region 
  there 
  are 
  numerous 
  localities. 
  The 
  rock 
  in 
  many 
  of 
  

   them 
  is 
  too 
  impure 
  and 
  has 
  too 
  many 
  foreign 
  minerals 
  to 
  admit 
  of 
  

   its 
  use 
  as 
  marble. 
  Quarries 
  have 
  been 
  opened 
  in 
  Westchester, 
  

   Putnam 
  and 
  Dutchess 
  counties, 
  which 
  have 
  yielded 
  a 
  large 
  

   amount 
  of 
  d*Qe 
  white 
  marble. 
  In 
  the 
  northern 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  state, 
  

   the 
  Port 
  Henry 
  and 
  the 
  Gouverneur 
  quarries 
  have 
  been 
  produc- 
  

   tive. 
  The 
  geological 
  horizon 
  of 
  some 
  of 
  these 
  marbles 
  is 
  in 
  doubt. 
  

   The 
  belt 
  in 
  the 
  eastern 
  part 
  of 
  Dutchess 
  and 
  Putnam 
  counties 
  

   belongs 
  to 
  the 
  Vermont 
  marble 
  range, 
  and 
  is 
  probably 
  metamor- 
  

   phosed 
  Trenton 
  limestone. 
  The 
  W^estchester 
  marbles 
  are 
  of 
  the 
  

   same 
  age. 
  

  

  The 
  limestones 
  which 
  furnish 
  building 
  stone 
  in 
  this 
  state 
  are 
  

   the 
  Calciferous, 
  Chazy, 
  Birdseye, 
  Black 
  river, 
  Trenton, 
  Niagara, 
  

   Lower 
  Helderberg, 
  Upper 
  Helderberg, 
  or 
  Corniferous, 
  and 
  Tully. 
  

   The 
  geographical 
  distribution 
  is 
  given 
  in 
  the 
  following 
  notes, 
  and 
  

   in 
  the 
  order 
  of 
  geological 
  succession, 
  from 
  the 
  lowest 
  to 
  the 
  

   highest. 
  

  

  Calciferous 
  sandrock 
  

  

  The 
  rocks 
  of 
  the 
  Calciferous 
  formation 
  in 
  the 
  Mohawk 
  valley 
  

   and 
  in 
  the 
  Champlain 
  valley 
  are 
  more 
  silicious 
  than 
  at 
  the 
  south- 
  

   west, 
  in 
  Orange 
  county 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  Hudson 
  valley, 
  and 
  hence 
  the 
  

   designation 
  as 
  a 
  sandrock. 
  Much 
  of 
  it 
  at 
  the 
  north 
  is 
  a 
  limestone 
  

   rather 
  than 
  a 
  sandstone, 
  and 
  may 
  be 
  termed 
  a 
  magnesian 
  or 
  silicio- 
  

   magnesian 
  limestone. 
  Nearly 
  all 
  of 
  the 
  limestones, 
  which 
  are 
  

   quarried 
  for 
  building 
  stone, 
  in 
  Orange 
  and 
  Dutchess 
  counties 
  are 
  

   from 
  this 
  formation. 
  The 
  stone 
  occurs 
  generally 
  in 
  thick 
  and 
  

   regular 
  beds. 
  It 
  is 
  hard, 
  strong 
  and 
  durable 
  and 
  is 
  adapted 
  for 
  

   heavy 
  masonry 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  for 
  fine 
  cut 
  work. 
  The 
  quarries 
  near 
  

   Warwick, 
  Mapes' 
  Corners 
  and 
  near 
  Newburgh 
  in 
  Orange 
  county 
  

   and 
  those 
  on 
  the 
  Hudson 
  river, 
  near 
  New 
  Hamburg, 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  

   Calciferous. 
  The 
  Sandy 
  Hill 
  quarry 
  and 
  those 
  at 
  Canajoharie 
  

   and 
  Littlefalls 
  are 
  also 
  in 
  it. 
  

  

  