﻿ECONOMIC 
  GEOLOGY 
  201 
  

  

  pied 
  by 
  these 
  formatioins, 
  afford 
  tpamsportatioii 
  facilities 
  and 
  

   offer 
  inducements 
  to 
  thoise 
  who 
  are 
  seeking 
  new 
  quarry 
  sites 
  

   where 
  these 
  limestones 
  may 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  workable 
  extent. 
  

  

  Niagara 
  limestone 
  

   The 
  Niagara 
  limestone 
  formation 
  is 
  well 
  developed 
  wesft 
  from 
  

   Rochester 
  to 
  the 
  Niagara 
  river; 
  and 
  there 
  are 
  large 
  quarries 
  in 
  

   it 
  at 
  Rochester, 
  at 
  Lockport 
  and 
  at 
  Niagara 
  Falls. 
  The 
  gray, 
  

   sub-crystalline 
  stone 
  in 
  thick 
  beds 
  is 
  quarried 
  for 
  building 
  pur- 
  

   poses. 
  It 
  is 
  filled 
  with 
  encrinal 
  and 
  coralline 
  fossils 
  and 
  the 
  un- 
  

   equal 
  weathering 
  of 
  the 
  matrix 
  and 
  the 
  f 
  ossiliferoTis 
  portionis 
  are 
  

   sometimes 
  such 
  as 
  to 
  give 
  the 
  dressed 
  surface 
  a 
  pitted 
  appearance 
  

   with 
  cavities 
  which 
  roughen 
  and 
  disfigure 
  it. 
  For 
  foundations 
  

   and 
  heavy 
  masonry 
  it 
  is 
  well 
  adapted. 
  It 
  has 
  been 
  extensively 
  

   employed 
  in 
  the 
  western 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  state. 
  

  

  Lower 
  Helderberg 
  limestones 
  

  

  The 
  Water-lime, 
  Tentaculite 
  and 
  Pentamerus 
  limestones 
  are 
  

   included 
  in 
  this 
  group. 
  The 
  outcrops 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  Rondout 
  valley, 
  

   southwest 
  from 
  Kingston 
  to 
  the 
  Delaware 
  river; 
  in 
  the 
  foot- 
  

   hills 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  Oatsldllis 
  — 
  ^in 
  Ulster 
  and 
  Greene 
  counties; 
  on 
  

   Becraft's 
  mountain, 
  near 
  Hudson 
  ; 
  and 
  in 
  a 
  belt 
  stretching 
  west 
  

   from 
  the 
  Hudson 
  valley, 
  along 
  the 
  Helderbergs 
  and 
  across 
  Scho- 
  

   harie 
  into 
  Herkimer 
  county. 
  

  

  The 
  Tentaculite 
  limestone 
  is 
  dark-oolored, 
  compaict 
  and 
  in 
  thick 
  

   beds 
  and 
  can 
  be 
  quarried 
  in 
  large 
  blocks. 
  Some 
  of 
  it 
  can 
  be 
  

   polished 
  and 
  makes 
  a 
  beautiful 
  black 
  marble, 
  as 
  for 
  example, 
  that 
  

   of 
  Schoharie. 
  

  

  The 
  Pentamerus 
  limestones, 
  both 
  the 
  lower 
  and 
  the 
  upper, 
  are 
  

   in 
  thick 
  beds 
  and 
  are 
  gray, 
  sub-crystalline 
  in 
  texture, 
  and 
  look 
  

   well 
  when 
  dressed. 
  They 
  are 
  adapted 
  to 
  heavy 
  masonry 
  as 
  well 
  

   as 
  for 
  cut 
  work. 
  

  

  Quarries 
  are 
  opened 
  in 
  this 
  group 
  of 
  limestones 
  in 
  the 
  Scho- 
  

   harie 
  valley, 
  at 
  Howe's 
  Cave, 
  Cobleskill, 
  Cherry 
  Valley 
  and 
  in 
  

   Sipringfield. 
  The 
  quarries 
  west 
  of 
  Catskill 
  and 
  in 
  Becraft'i 
  

   mountain, 
  near 
  Hudson, 
  are 
  also 
  in 
  it. 
  

  

  