﻿ECONOMIC 
  GEOLOGY 
  203 
  

  

  disappearing 
  in 
  Ontario 
  county. 
  It 
  does 
  not 
  furnish 
  any 
  stone 
  

   otber 
  than 
  for 
  rough 
  work 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  immediate 
  neighborhood 
  of 
  

   its 
  outcrops. 
  

  

  Calcareous 
  tufa 
  

  

  As 
  a 
  supplement 
  to 
  the 
  limestones 
  the 
  quarries 
  in 
  calcareous 
  

   tufa 
  at 
  Mohawk, 
  in 
  the 
  Mohawk 
  valley, 
  and 
  at 
  Mumford, 
  Monroe 
  

   county, 
  should 
  here 
  be 
  mentioned, 
  although 
  they 
  are 
  only 
  of 
  local 
  

   importance. 
  

  

  GLACIAL 
  DRIFT 
  

  

  This 
  material, 
  consisting 
  of 
  unsorted 
  clays, 
  sands, 
  gravels, 
  

   cobbles 
  and 
  boulders, 
  is 
  found 
  in 
  all 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  state. 
  The 
  

   nature 
  of 
  the 
  imbedded 
  stone 
  varies 
  greatly 
  both 
  as 
  to 
  variety 
  and 
  

   amount. 
  In 
  places 
  the 
  deposits 
  are 
  full 
  of 
  large 
  blocks 
  of 
  stone 
  

   and 
  of 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  rounded 
  and 
  scratched 
  boulders; 
  in 
  other 
  

   localities 
  the 
  hard, 
  quartzose 
  cobbles 
  and 
  small 
  boulders 
  predomi- 
  

   nate. 
  In 
  the 
  sandstone 
  districts 
  of 
  the 
  southern 
  and 
  western 
  

   parts 
  of 
  the 
  state 
  the 
  surface 
  deposits 
  of 
  glacial 
  drift 
  contain 
  

   much 
  sandstone, 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  Medina 
  sandstone 
  belt, 
  the 
  Hudson 
  

   river 
  blue 
  stone 
  territory 
  and 
  the 
  red 
  sandstones 
  at 
  Haverstraw 
  

   and 
  Nyack. 
  In 
  the 
  Highlands 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  Adirondacks 
  the 
  

   rounded, 
  crystalline, 
  granitoid 
  and 
  gneissic 
  rocks 
  predominate. 
  

   On 
  Long 
  Island 
  the 
  terminal 
  moraine 
  includes 
  a 
  great 
  amount 
  of 
  

   stone, 
  and 
  of 
  manv 
  kinds. 
  

  

  The 
  cobblestones 
  were 
  formerly 
  used 
  for 
  paving 
  roadways, 
  but 
  

   this 
  kind 
  of 
  pavement 
  is 
  no 
  longer 
  laid. 
  From 
  the 
  fact 
  of 
  the 
  

   stone 
  being 
  picked 
  off 
  the 
  fields 
  in 
  the 
  clearing 
  of 
  land 
  for 
  tillage, 
  

   the 
  stone 
  fragments 
  from 
  the 
  drift 
  have 
  been 
  known 
  as 
  ' 
  field- 
  

   stone; 
  ' 
  and 
  they 
  were 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  earlier 
  constructions 
  for 
  walls, 
  

   foundations 
  and 
  buildings, 
  in 
  localities 
  where 
  no 
  quarries 
  had 
  

   been 
  opened. 
  

  

  Some 
  of 
  the 
  oldest 
  houses 
  on 
  the 
  western 
  end 
  of 
  Long 
  Island, 
  

   and 
  in 
  the 
  Hudson 
  river 
  counties 
  are 
  built 
  of 
  such 
  field 
  stone. 
  

   At 
  Yonkers 
  the 
  excavations 
  for 
  foundations 
  and 
  in 
  street 
  grading 
  

   afford 
  an 
  abundant 
  supply 
  of 
  stone 
  for 
  common 
  wall 
  work. 
  In 
  

   parts 
  of 
  Brooklyn 
  the 
  drift 
  furnishes 
  a 
  great 
  deal 
  of 
  stone 
  in 
  the 
  

   shape 
  of 
  huge 
  boulders. 
  

  

  