﻿ECONOMIC 
  GEOLOGY 
  209 
  

  

  these 
  deposits 
  lie 
  are 
  usually 
  broad 
  and 
  shallow. 
  The 
  broad 
  flat 
  

   valley 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  Genesee 
  river 
  flows 
  from 
  Mt 
  Morris 
  to 
  Ro- 
  

   chester 
  is 
  a 
  good 
  example. 
  The 
  waters 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  were 
  backed 
  

   up 
  by 
  the 
  ice 
  for 
  a 
  time, 
  during 
  which 
  the 
  valley 
  was 
  converted 
  

   into 
  a 
  shallow 
  lake 
  in 
  which 
  a 
  large 
  amount 
  of 
  aluminous 
  mud 
  

   was 
  deposited. 
  This 
  material 
  has 
  been 
  employed 
  for 
  common 
  

   brick. 
  

  

  Around 
  Buffalo 
  is 
  an 
  extensive 
  series 
  of 
  flats 
  underlaid 
  bv 
  a 
  

   red 
  clay. 
  A 
  thin 
  layer 
  of 
  sand 
  suitable 
  for 
  tempering 
  overlies 
  

   the 
  clay 
  in 
  spots, 
  and 
  limestone 
  pebbles 
  are 
  fi^attered 
  through 
  it. 
  

   Similar 
  deposits 
  occur 
  at 
  several 
  localities 
  to 
  the 
  noTth 
  of 
  the 
  

   Ridge 
  road 
  and 
  around 
  Niagara 
  Falls, 
  also 
  at 
  Tonawanda 
  and 
  

   La 
  Salle, 
  to 
  the 
  north 
  of 
  Buffalo, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  south 
  of 
  it 
  along 
  the 
  

   shore 
  of 
  Lake 
  Erie. 
  No 
  doubt 
  much 
  of 
  ithis 
  clay 
  was 
  deposited 
  

   during 
  the 
  former 
  extension 
  of 
  the 
  Great 
  Lakes. 
  

  

  Prof. 
  James 
  Hall 
  mentions 
  deposits 
  of 
  clay 
  at 
  the 
  following 
  

   localities: 
  at 
  Linden, 
  one 
  mile 
  south 
  of 
  Yate& 
  Center; 
  °along 
  the 
  

   shore 
  of 
  Lake 
  Ontario, 
  east 
  of 
  Lewiston; 
  on 
  Cashaqua 
  creek 
  

   ^deposits 
  of 
  tenacious 
  clay 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  crumbling 
  of 
  the 
  argill- 
  

   aceous 
  green 
  shales; 
  in 
  Niagara 
  county 
  ^beds 
  of 
  clay 
  are 
  said 
  to 
  

   oecur 
  in 
  every 
  town, 
  but 
  they 
  often 
  contain 
  a 
  considerable 
  

   amount 
  of 
  lime. 
  

  

  At 
  Levant, 
  four 
  miles 
  east 
  of 
  Jamestown, 
  Chautauqua 
  county, 
  

   is 
  an 
  interesting 
  bed 
  of 
  blue 
  clay 
  having 
  an 
  area 
  of 
  several 
  

   acres. 
  It 
  is 
  probably 
  of 
  post-glacial 
  age. 
  

  

  At 
  Breesport, 
  near 
  Elmira, 
  is 
  a 
  bank 
  of 
  blue 
  clay 
  rising 
  from 
  

   the 
  valley 
  to 
  a 
  height 
  of 
  50 
  feet. 
  It 
  was 
  evidently 
  formed 
  when 
  

   the 
  valley 
  was 
  dammed 
  up, 
  and 
  has 
  subsequently 
  been 
  much 
  

   eroded 
  so 
  that 
  all 
  that 
  now 
  remains 
  is 
  a 
  narrow 
  terrace 
  along 
  the 
  

   eide 
  of 
  the 
  valley. 
  A 
  similar 
  deposit 
  is 
  found 
  at 
  Newfield, 
  south 
  

   of 
  Ithaca. 
  A 
  moraine 
  crosses 
  the 
  valley 
  a 
  mile 
  or 
  two 
  south 
  of 
  

   it. 
  

  

  a 
  Geology 
  of 
  New 
  York, 
  4th 
  District, 
  1843, 
  p. 
  437. 
  

   6 
  Ibid., 
  p. 
  227. 
  

   clbld., 
  p. 
  444. 
  

  

  