﻿212 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  silicious, 
  and 
  its 
  coloring 
  is 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  weathering 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  

   layer. 
  This 
  formation 
  has 
  a 
  thickness 
  of 
  about 
  15 
  feet, 
  but 
  some- 
  

   times, 
  as 
  at 
  Burlington, 
  it 
  reaches 
  a 
  thickness 
  of 
  100 
  feet. 
  Iso- 
  

   lated 
  bowlders 
  are 
  occasionally 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  clays. 
  The 
  clays 
  

   are 
  usually 
  horizontally 
  stratified, 
  and 
  contortions 
  of 
  the 
  layers 
  

   are 
  extremely 
  rare. 
  Numerous 
  marine 
  Quaternary 
  fossils 
  hare 
  

   been 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  overlying 
  sands; 
  the 
  skeleton 
  of 
  a 
  whale 
  has 
  

   also 
  been 
  found 
  in 
  them. 
  

  

  Openings 
  have 
  been 
  made 
  in 
  these 
  deposits 
  for 
  the 
  purpose 
  of 
  

   obtaining 
  brick 
  clays 
  at 
  Plattsburg 
  and 
  a 
  few 
  other 
  localities. 
  

  

  LONG 
  ISLAND 
  CLAYS 
  

  

  Clay 
  beds 
  are 
  exposed 
  along 
  the 
  north 
  shore 
  of 
  the 
  island 
  and 
  

   at 
  several 
  points 
  along 
  the 
  main 
  line 
  of 
  the 
  Long 
  Island 
  railroad. 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  still 
  some 
  doubt 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  exact 
  conditions 
  under 
  which 
  

   the 
  beds 
  of 
  clay 
  and 
  gravel 
  which 
  form 
  the 
  greater 
  portion 
  of 
  

   Long 
  Island 
  were 
  deposited, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  probable 
  that 
  the 
  clays 
  

   represent 
  shallow 
  water 
  marine 
  deposits 
  of 
  Cretaceous 
  and 
  

   Tertiary 
  age. 
  

  

  The 
  age 
  of 
  the 
  clays 
  is 
  still 
  largely 
  a 
  matter 
  of 
  speculation, 
  

   and 
  will 
  probably 
  remain 
  so 
  in 
  many 
  cases 
  unless 
  palaeontologic 
  

   evidence 
  is 
  forthcoming. 
  Those 
  on 
  Gardiner's 
  Island 
  are 
  quite 
  

   recent, 
  as 
  shown 
  by 
  the 
  contained 
  fossils, 
  and 
  the 
  clay 
  on 
  Little 
  

   Neck, 
  near 
  Northport, 
  is 
  Cretaceous. 
  The 
  age 
  of 
  the 
  Glen 
  Cove 
  

   clay 
  is 
  probably 
  Cretaceous. 
  

  

  Cretaceous 
  leaves 
  in 
  fragments 
  of 
  ferruginous 
  sandstone 
  have 
  

   been 
  found 
  along 
  the 
  north 
  shore 
  of 
  Long 
  Island 
  from 
  Great 
  

   Neck 
  to 
  Montauk 
  Point,*^ 
  but 
  they 
  are 
  usually 
  much 
  worn 
  and 
  

   ecratched 
  and 
  have 
  evidently 
  been 
  transported 
  from 
  some 
  dis- 
  

   tant 
  source. 
  The 
  clays 
  at 
  Center 
  Island, 
  West 
  Neck, 
  Fresh 
  Pond 
  

   and 
  Fisher 
  Island 
  are 
  very 
  similar 
  and 
  are 
  very 
  probably 
  of 
  the 
  

   same 
  age, 
  possibly 
  Tertiary, 
  but 
  we 
  lack 
  palaeontologic 
  or 
  strati- 
  

   graphic 
  evidence. 
  At 
  West 
  Neck 
  the 
  clay 
  underlies 
  the 
  yellow 
  

   gravel, 
  and 
  the 
  latter 
  is 
  covered 
  by 
  the 
  drift, 
  so 
  that 
  is 
  Pre- 
  

   pleistocene. 
  

  

  o 
  Hollick, 
  N^otes 
  on 
  Geology 
  of 
  the 
  North 
  Shore 
  of 
  Long 
  T 
  aland, 
  Trans. 
  N. 
  Y. 
  Acad. 
  Sci., 
  XIII. 
  

  

  