﻿ECONOMIC 
  GEOLOGY 
  213 
  

  

  STATEN 
  ISLAND 
  CLAYS 
  

  

  The 
  clays 
  of 
  Staten 
  Island 
  are 
  chiefly 
  Cretaceous, 
  as 
  proven 
  by 
  

   the 
  fossils 
  found 
  in 
  them. 
  The 
  chief 
  outcrops 
  are 
  at 
  Kreischer- 
  

   ville, 
  Green 
  Kidge 
  and 
  Arrochar. 
  Besides 
  the 
  clay 
  there 
  are 
  

   •several 
  ^ 
  kaolin 
  ' 
  deposits. 
  

  

  These 
  clays 
  are 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  drain 
  tile, 
  terra 
  

   cotta, 
  etc. 
  

  

  CLAY 
  PRODUCTS 
  

  

  The 
  increasing 
  value 
  of 
  clay 
  for 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  brick, 
  tile, 
  

   terra 
  cotta, 
  pottery, 
  etc., 
  and 
  the 
  ever 
  growing 
  demand 
  for 
  these 
  

   products 
  have 
  given 
  rise 
  to 
  an 
  industry 
  which 
  is 
  rapidly 
  assuming 
  

   vast 
  proportions, 
  and 
  will, 
  in 
  the 
  near 
  future, 
  become 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  

   most 
  extensive 
  and 
  important 
  in 
  the 
  country. 
  Scattered 
  over 
  

   New 
  York 
  are 
  extensive 
  deposits 
  of 
  clay, 
  many 
  of 
  them 
  cap 
  ble 
  

   of 
  being 
  used 
  for 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  terra 
  cotta, 
  roofing 
  tile 
  and 
  

   the 
  coarser 
  grades 
  <yt 
  pottery. 
  To 
  add 
  to 
  their 
  value 
  the 
  most 
  

   extensive 
  beds 
  of 
  clay 
  are 
  situated 
  in 
  close 
  proximity 
  to 
  the 
  

   waterways 
  and 
  railroads 
  which 
  lead 
  to 
  the 
  principal 
  cities 
  of 
  the 
  

   state. 
  The 
  commoner 
  kinds 
  of 
  clay 
  products, 
  such 
  as 
  building 
  

   brick, 
  are 
  marketed 
  within 
  the 
  state, 
  but 
  the 
  higher 
  grades, 
  such 
  

   as 
  terra 
  cotta 
  and 
  roofing 
  tile, 
  have 
  found 
  good 
  markets 
  outside 
  

   of 
  New 
  York. 
  

  

  At 
  present 
  bricks 
  are 
  the 
  chief 
  source 
  of 
  income. 
  That 
  the 
  

   other 
  branches 
  of 
  the 
  clay 
  industry 
  are 
  not 
  further 
  advanced 
  is 
  

   probably 
  due 
  in 
  a 
  large 
  measure 
  to 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  clay 
  deposits 
  

   of 
  the 
  state 
  have 
  been 
  so 
  little 
  exploited 
  or 
  otherwise 
  examined. 
  

   Though 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  deposits 
  have 
  been 
  opened 
  up 
  and 
  are 
  still 
  

   being 
  worked, 
  there 
  are 
  numerous 
  others 
  scattered 
  over 
  the 
  state 
  

   which 
  are 
  still 
  untouched. 
  Few 
  of 
  the 
  clays 
  are 
  found 
  to 
  be 
  of 
  

   suflQciently 
  refractory 
  character 
  to 
  be 
  used 
  for 
  making 
  fire 
  brick, 
  

   gas 
  retorts, 
  or 
  other 
  products 
  which 
  in 
  use 
  are 
  subjected 
  to 
  a 
  

   higher 
  degree 
  of 
  heat; 
  but 
  for 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  coarse 
  pottery, 
  

   terra 
  cotta, 
  paving 
  brick, 
  etc., 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  clays 
  are 
  eminently 
  

   suited. 
  

  

  