﻿218 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  and 
  Putnam 
  counties 
  in 
  tMs 
  iron 
  ore 
  disitirict 
  and 
  from 
  tihe 
  New 
  

   Jensey 
  line 
  at 
  the 
  soutbweist 
  to 
  tlie 
  Conmecticut 
  boundary 
  on 
  the 
  

   east. 
  'Some 
  of 
  the 
  largest 
  and 
  most 
  productive 
  mines 
  in 
  Orange 
  

   counity 
  have 
  been 
  worked 
  more 
  than 
  a 
  century.** 
  This 
  county 
  

   was 
  famouis 
  for 
  its 
  iron 
  manufacture 
  during 
  the 
  revolutionary 
  

   war.^ 
  The 
  greatest 
  development 
  of 
  the 
  iron 
  mines 
  in 
  Putnam 
  

   county 
  has 
  been 
  since 
  the 
  opening 
  of 
  the 
  Tilly 
  Foster 
  and 
  

   Mahopac 
  mines 
  or 
  during 
  the 
  last 
  25 
  years. 
  The 
  distance 
  

   from 
  public 
  lines 
  of 
  tranisportation, 
  the 
  increaised 
  cost 
  of 
  work- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  smaller 
  ' 
  veins 
  ' 
  at 
  greater 
  depthis, 
  the 
  low 
  prices 
  for 
  iron 
  

   ore 
  and 
  the 
  competition 
  with 
  the 
  richer 
  ores 
  of 
  other 
  parts 
  of 
  our 
  

   country 
  have 
  necessitated 
  the 
  suspenision 
  of 
  work 
  in 
  socme 
  of 
  the 
  

   mines 
  and 
  led 
  to 
  the 
  permanent 
  abandonment 
  of 
  th'oise 
  most 
  

   unfavorably 
  situated. 
  The 
  otcs 
  of 
  the 
  Highlands 
  district 
  are 
  the 
  

   hard, 
  crystalline 
  magnetites. 
  They 
  are 
  generally 
  rich, 
  free 
  from 
  

   titanium, 
  but 
  contain 
  a 
  islight 
  excesis 
  of 
  pheisphiorusi 
  above 
  the 
  

   limit 
  for 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  Bessemer 
  iron, 
  excepting 
  the 
  Maho- 
  

   pac 
  and 
  Tilly 
  Foster 
  mines, 
  which 
  have 
  yielded 
  a 
  large 
  amount 
  

   of 
  Bessemer 
  ore, 
  and 
  a 
  few 
  small 
  mines, 
  but 
  which 
  are 
  no 
  longer 
  

   worked. 
  

  

  The 
  Adirondack 
  Region, 
  Including 
  the 
  Lake 
  Ghamplain 
  Mines 
  

   The 
  Adirondack 
  region, 
  the 
  great 
  mountain 
  plateau 
  of 
  northern 
  

   New 
  York, 
  is 
  bounded 
  by 
  the 
  valleys 
  of 
  Lake 
  Ghamplain 
  on 
  the 
  

   east, 
  of 
  the 
  St 
  Lawrence 
  river 
  on 
  the 
  north 
  and 
  northwest, 
  of 
  

   Black 
  river 
  on 
  the 
  west, 
  and 
  the 
  Mohawk 
  on 
  the 
  south. 
  

  

  Magnetite 
  is 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  .common 
  minerals 
  in 
  the 
  Adirondacks, 
  

   and 
  is 
  widely 
  distributed, 
  both 
  as 
  a 
  constituent 
  or 
  accessory 
  

   mineral 
  in 
  rocks, 
  and 
  in 
  beds 
  of 
  workable 
  extent. 
  Mines 
  have 
  

   been 
  opened 
  in 
  all 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  region, 
  but 
  the 
  greatest 
  develop- 
  

   ment 
  has 
  been 
  in 
  the 
  valley 
  of 
  Lake 
  Ghamplain, 
  and 
  hence 
  the 
  

   ores 
  are 
  known 
  in 
  the 
  market 
  as 
  Lake 
  Ghamplain 
  ores. 
  

  

  The 
  beginnings 
  of 
  iron-ore 
  mining 
  in 
  the 
  Lake 
  Ghamplain 
  val- 
  

   ley 
  were 
  early 
  in 
  the 
  present 
  century. 
  Some 
  of 
  the 
  forges 
  were 
  

  

  oOre 
  was 
  discovered 
  on 
  the 
  Sterling 
  tract 
  as 
  early 
  as 
  1750; 
  the 
  Forest 
  of 
  Dean 
  mint 
  

   wat 
  opened 
  about 
  the 
  same 
  time. 
  

  

  6 
  See 
  History 
  of 
  the 
  Manufacture 
  of 
  Iron 
  in 
  all 
  Ages, 
  by 
  James 
  M. 
  Swank, 
  Philadel- 
  

   phia, 
  1884, 
  pp. 
  102-106. 
  

  

  