82 EEPORT UNITED STATES ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 



They reached the Chippewa Agency at Gall Lake (uow in the south- 

 ern part of Cass County) on the 27th of July, and had arrived at Otter 

 Tail Lake (Otter Tail County) several days before. Their arrival at 

 Sauk Eapids (Beuton County) is noted in a letter to the Saint Paul 

 Weekly Minnesotian, and dated August 23, 1856. They reached Monti- 

 cello (Wright County) on the 13-16 of August, and the vrestern part 

 of Hennepin County in the same month. In the latter part of the 

 month they reached Carver County, and still later in the season ex- 

 tended to Saint Anthony and nearly to Saint Paul. In the following 

 spring the young were also found at Shakopee, Scott County, in parts of 

 McLeod County, and along the Upper Minnesota River, and of course 

 all these points also must have been visited in 1856. It is highly prob- 

 able that the whole region west of the big woods was swept over in 

 1856. The letter of Mr. Burdick, referred to above, goes on to say : 



"In 1856 they deposited their eggs in all the high, sandy hills, and in 

 V7hat prairie was broken by the settlers, along the Crow and Minnesota 

 Hivers, which, owing to a very late spring in 1857, did not hatch until 

 the month of June, when the excessive rains seemed to destroy all the 

 local hatch } but about the middle of July of that year swarms came 

 from the west and swept everything in the shape of grain and vegeta- 

 bles west of the big woods, and then disappeared just as they have now, no 

 one knows whither." This fact of the arrival of swarms from the west 

 and northwest is different from what occurred in the more easterly por- 

 tion of the locust region. 



Result ing swarms of 1857. — The records of the hatching swarms of 1857 

 are still more numerous. The hatching is reported from about the end 

 of May onward, and the young insects were found to be numerous in 

 the Upper Mississippi Yalley and about Shakopee. Their vicinity to 

 Saint Paul is noted in the Saint Paul Advertiser (of July 4), where they 

 are reported on farms near Lake Como, "thick in spots and making 

 their mark on vegetation." In June, the Shakopee Advocate says: 

 "The recent cool, wet weather has been a serious check upon the grass- 

 hoppers. It is said that bushels of dead grasshoppers may be seen in 

 masses on the prairies." The Saint Paul Advertiser of July 4 states : 

 "It is only in the eastern part of the I^orthern Mississippi Yalley, in 

 Benton and Sherburne Counties, that they manifest a settled determi- 

 nation to clear out every green thing — where they appear in such masses 

 as to crackle beneath the feet of persons walking over the prairies." 



Toward the middle of July the notices of migrations begin, appar- 

 ently somewhat later than in later years. 



July 17, the Saint Paul Daily Pioneer and Democrat quotes the Mon- 

 ticello Times in regard to migrations to the south and southeast. Au- 

 gust 1, the Sauk Eapids Frontiersman states that they have nearly all 

 left that vicinity. "For several days of last week and on Sunday they 

 were high in the air, like a snow-storm. They went south and south- 

 east 3 did not deposit their eggs here." 



