PANS FOR USE OF COAL-OIL. 



383 



will serve to guard by means' of ditches a large tract of territory from 

 the ravages of the young (un winged) locusts." 



The pans that were used in Kansas and Iowa, but principally in the 

 former State, were of very simple construction and very effectual. We 

 give the descriptions of them as they first appeared in Mr. Eiley's 

 Locust Plague in the United States: 



"A good and cheap pan is made of ordinary sheet-iron, 8 feet long, 

 11 inches wide at the bottom, and turned up afoot high at the back and 

 an inch high at the front. A runner at each end, extending some dis- 

 tance behind, and a cord attached to each front corner, complete the 

 pan, at a cost of about $1.50. (Fig. 87.) 



Fig, 87.— SJtALL Coal-oil Pan. 



"We have known from seven to ten bushels of young locusts caught 

 with one such pan in an afternoon. It is easily pulled by two boys, and 

 by running several together in a row, one boy to each outer rope, and 

 one to each contiguous pair, the best work is performed with the least 

 labor. Longer pans, to be drawn by horses, should have transverse 

 partitions (Fig. 88) to avoid spilling the liquid; also more runners. 



Fig. 88.— Large Coal-oil Pan. 



The oil may be used alone so as to just cover the bottom, or on the sur- 

 face of water, and the insects strained through a wire ladle. When 

 the insects are very small, one may economize in kerosene by lining the 

 pan with saturated cloth j but this becomes less efiicient afterward, and 

 frames of cloth saturated with oil do not equal the pans. Where oil has 



