APPENDIX XV. MOVEJMENTS OF THE YOUNG LOCUSTS. [203] 



Besides this, they (the 'hoppers) seem to know that there are obstructions in the way, 

 and many make an oblique march and flank the enemy. I observe the same maneuver 

 where there is water in front of the marching cohimn, which has been the cage fre- 

 quently the past six weeks. Some persons claim that many are dying from some un- 

 known cause, but 1 have failed to discover the fact to my satisfaction. It is a truth, 

 however, that the birds and devouring insects, such as spiders, bugs, &c., have feasted 

 on them to a great extent, from the fact that the cold and continued wet weather 

 has kept them in a numb and helpless state the most of the time since their first ap- 

 pearance. I feel confident that if the weather had been warm and dry, as it usually 

 is in this country at this time of year, our crops would have been destroyed to a 

 great extent ere this. I shall in a few days send you another lot of the advanced growth 

 of 'hoppers so you can see what progress they have made. I would state that the nature 

 of the soil where ditches were made is a stiff, clay soil, on what we call rolling or bluff 

 prairie-land. So far, crops that have suffered most are wheat, and this only a small 

 per cent. Oats, barley, rye, and corn a mere trifle. Crops of all kinds look very promis- 

 ing, taking out the few pieces of grasshopper wheat, with the exception of corn; that 

 is backward from wet and cold, otherwise good. — [John Wise. 



DAKOTA. 



SayhrooTc, Clay County. — North. — [Hall. 



( C^«7L-«oif«.)— Generally south and southeast ; occasionally in the opposite direction. 

 Sioux Falls, Minnehaha County. — Do not appear to travel in any particular direction. — 

 [Everett. 



MINNESOTA. 



Carver, Carver County. — Northwest, but west and north along paths and public 

 highways ; brush and timber will change their course. — [Dunn. 



New Auburn, Sibley County. — To north and northwest. — [Clevinger. 



Norwood, Canrr County. — Mostly northwest. — [Tiffany. 



Worthington, Nobles County. — No particular direction until fully winged, then always 

 south. — [Churchill. 



Excelsioi', Hennepin County. — The young insects move in every direction from their 

 hatching-ground. — [Powers. 



Lake Park, Becker County. — Mostly south and southeast. — [Holton. 



Magnolia, Bock County.— Genersblly travel with the wind. 



Lake Eunice, Becker County. — In every direction before acquiring wings ; after, south- 

 east. — [McLelland. 



Saint Peter, Nicollet County — In 1875, northwest. — [Arnold. 



Glenivood, Pope County. — In every direction ; mostly with the wind. — [Campbell. 



Mankato, Blue Earth County. — No particular direction. I have known swarms in the 

 same vicinity to travel in opposite directions. — [John C. Wise. 



Marshall, Lyon County.— Young locusts only move about to obtain food. They will 

 come to a wheat field from the prairie. — [Weymouth. 



Holmes City, Douglas County. — Southeast. — [Blackwell. 



Detroit, Becl'er County. — North.— [Wood. 



Alden, Freeborn County.— 'So preferred direction. — [Cross. 



Becker, Sherburne County. — South of east. — [Wagner. 



Burnhamville, Todd County. — The young insects generally travel in the direction of 

 the wind, but when once on their way a change iu the direction of the wind would not 

 induce them to change their course. They like to follow roads and paths and seem 

 more inclined to travel shortly before they enter the winged state than at any other 

 stage.— [Rhoda. 



( Unknown). — In this locality, north. 



Seward, Nobles County. — Always with the wind.— [Terry. 



Madelia, Watonwan County.— JnuQ 16, 1877, southwest. — [Sylvester. 



Norseland, Nicollet County. — It seems to me that they generally prefer to travel against 

 the wind, because I have observed that when the wind is from a northerly direction 

 they go that way, and when it is from the south they turn iu that direction ; but when 

 they feel the scent of a wheat field they care neither for wind nor direction, all seem 

 instinctively to turn toward it.— [John Webster. 



Dassel, Meeker County.— luYSiTiablj with the wind.— [Maxon. 



Worthington, Nobles County.— Uostly west or south in droves.— [McDowell. 



Collins, McLeod County. — When the wind changes the young 'hoppers seem to hop 

 against it for the period of 24 hours, and then in every direction until another change 

 takes place. — [Canfield. 



Banks, Faribault CoMH/?/.—Southeast.— [Payne. 



Golden Gate, Brown County.— They traveled in all directions.— [Letford. 



Kerkhoven, Swift County. — The young 'hoppers, before they had wings, seemed to 

 move mostly northwest.— [Jacobson. 



Willmar, Kandiyohi County.— They seem to move southeast when very young.— [Haly. 



Sibley, Sibley County.— Genera], direction north, although it has varied in different 

 localities at different times.— [Woodbury, 



