APPENDIX XXVIL AMERICAN LOCUST BIBLIOGRAPHY. |"275} 



*Anonym. The locust in Minnesota. <] Scientific American. 1874. v. 31, p. 65. 



Description and habits of Oaloptenus spretus; extent of its ravages; means against locu8t< 

 in Europe and Afripa; their natural enemies. 



*Anonym. The western locust plague. < Scientific American. 1874. v. 31, p. 119, fig 



Habits of Caloptenus spretus ; damage done by locusts in Minnesota, and means againsi 

 them. 



*J. Whiteford. The plague of locusts. <^Scienti fie American. 1874. v. 31, p. 196. 



Means against and natural enemies of locusts. 



*C : R. Dodge. The " lubber" grasshopper. < Rural Carolinian. 1874. v. 5, p. 363. 



Habits of and means against lihomalea microptera. 



*Leon Provancher. Les sauterelles. <^ Naturaliste Canadien. 1874. v. 6, p. 270. 



Excellence of locusts as human food. 



*Dr. H. Weyenbergh. Mangas de langostas (Acridium paranense Burm.) en la Re- 

 publica Argentina durante 1873. < Periodico Zoolojico. 1874. v. 1, p. 33-43. 



Chronological summary of earlier observations; directions and times of flights; size of 

 swarms. 



*W. L. Carpenter. Artificial hatching of grasshoppers. <^ American Naturalist. 

 1875. V. 9, p. 312. 



Locusts hatched in January in Dakota by the heat of camp-fires. Doubts (by the editors) 

 whether the hatching had not taken place in the previous autumn. 



*C : V. Riley. Annual reports on the noxious, beneficial and other insects of Missouri, 

 made to the State Board of Agriculture. Jelferson City, Mo. 

 *Seventh.Report. 1875. 196 + 4 p. 39 fig. 



p. 121-196, fig. 23-39. The Rocky Mountain locnst— Caloptenus spretus Thomas; its char- 

 acters; its natural and chronological history, habits, ravages, enemies and parasites, home, 

 migrations and geographical distribution ; means of preventing its ravages. 



^Eighth Report. 1876. 185 + 4 p. 55 fig. 



p. 57-156, fig. 39-47. The Rocky Mountain loa\is,t— Caloptenus spretus Thomas; detailed 



account of its ravages in Missouii and neighboring states in 1875; natural history of the 

 yotiDg ; definition of the spec'es ; its native home, migrations, and ravages ; changes that 

 follow the ravages ; natural and artificial means of repressing the locusts; use of the locusts 



yotiDg ; definition of the spec'es ; its native home, migrations, and ravages ; changes that 

 follow t' 

 as food. 



*Ninth Report. 1877. 129 -{- 3 -f- 1 pi. (fig. 16), 32 fig. 



p. 57-124, fig. 16-29. The Rocky Mountain locust— Caloptenus spretxis Thomas; its doings 

 in 1876 in the northern and eastern states west of the Mississippi river ; detailed reports 

 from counties in Missouri; source, direction, rate, and extent of its flights; its geographical 

 range and that of its allies ; its manner of egg-laying and of hatching ; new enemies and 

 parasites ; experiments to determine the best artificial means of reducing its ravages; laws 

 passed by Missouri, Kansas, and Minnesota providing for the destruction of the locusts ; 

 prospects of locust invasions in 1877. 



'Frank H. Sno^w. The Rocky Mountain locust. (Caloptenus spretus Uhler.) 

 <^ Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 1875. v. 4, p. 26-28. 



Seasons, ravages, abundance, direction of flight, and natural enemies of the locusts. 



'E. F. Jackson. Grasshoppers again troublesome in Minnesota. <^ Field and Forest. 

 1875. V. 1, p. 31. 



Occurrence of locusts in Minnesota in 1875 ; they and their eggs destroyed by parasites. 



'E. C. Huntington. Grasshoppers again troublesome in Minnesota. <[ Field and 

 Forest. 1875. v. 1, p. 31. 



Incursion of locusts in Minnesota in 1875 ; their eggs laid abundantly. 



'Jos : 'Willcox. On the flight of grasshoppers. <[ Proceedings of the Academy of 

 Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 1875. p. 361. 



Locusts were observed repeatedly in Colorado to descend to the ground before each shower 

 of rain, taking flight again after the shower. 



^C : J. S. Bethune. Grasshoppers or locusts. <^ Annual Report of the Entomological 

 Society of Ontario, for 1874. 1875. p. 29-42, fig. 30-34. 



Confusion in the names locust and grasshopper; figures of Cicada septendecim, CEdipoda 

 migratoria, Cyrtophyllum concavum. History of visitations of locusts in earlier times in 

 America, and of the plague of locusts in 1874, especially in ITebraska, Minnesota, Kansas, and 

 Manitoba. Description and figures of Caloptenus spretus and C. femur-rubrum. Means of 

 reducing the ravages of the locusts. 



*S : H. Scudder. Habits and forms of Caloptenus spretus. <^ Psyche. 1876. v. 1, 

 p. 144. 



Doubts whether the destructive swarms of locusts start from the heart of the Rooky 

 Mountains ; C. atlanis perhaps a geographical race of G. spretus. 



