EARTHENWARE OF THE NEW YORK ABORIGINES I29 



deep spiral grooves and prominent decorated ridges, suggestive of 

 a serpent but not directly an imitation. 



A plain trumpet pipe from South Onondaga is 5 inches long. 

 An upturned bear's head, with open jaws forms the bowl of a pipe 

 from Oneida river. There are grooves around the stem and lower 

 part of the bowl, and vertical grooves below the jaws. Turtle pipes 

 are usually flat, but one from the Seneca river has the head raised 

 above the edge of the bowl, on the sides of which are horizontal and 

 diagonal grooves. 



The corded bowls are many in number, and distributed through 

 the entire Iroquois territory, most of them being of the 17th century, 

 and varying in unimportant details. In this, as in other instances, 

 will be seen one great advantage of studying the Iroquois district 

 as such, that of placing so many articles in their proper chrono- 

 logic position, affording a criterion for work elsewhere. Thus a 

 coarse and heavy clay pipe found in a grave at East Syracuse, to the 

 fertile imagination of the reporter was of vast antiquity, and the 

 grave a substantial structure lined with stone. The stones van- 

 ished, on investigation, and an Iroquois pipe appeared of another 

 corded form, having a low instead of a high bowl. These corded 

 pipes are often angular, but the bowl and stem sometimes form a 

 fine curve, and sometimes they are true trumpet pipes. 



An example of a type of pipes made in the i6th century comes 

 from the Thousand Islands. It is quite plain, the bowl curving 

 abruptly from the stem, and expanding but little except at the rim. 

 This form is often ornamented with some incised figure, and the 

 bowl is quite high. 



A very pretty pipe bowl was found two miles south of Onondaga 

 Hill. The low^er half of the bowl is much expanded, and has the 

 usual vertical divisions of this form of pipe, but they are less prom- 

 inent than usual, and there are no faces between. On the cylin- 

 dric portion between this base and the four moldings around the 

 rim are grooves and lines of dots. 



The simple and almost straight pipes, often with very broad stems 

 are found in many places. A good example comes from Oswego 

 Falls. It is but slightly curved, and is quite thick. The dimensions 



