S8 CAEEO>IFEROUS LIMESTONE OF LEICESTEK COALFIELD, [vol.lxxui. 



siuall local faults and gentle rolls. Both Permian and Trias are 

 unconformable ^^ith the Carbonifei'ous at Ticknall, but tlie Tri;as 

 alone is present at Calke. 



Patches of reddish marl seen resting directly upon limestone nt 

 Ticknall must be considered as Drift. The microscopic structuH-e 

 of the limestone immediately under this red material shows none 

 of the zonal lueniatite arrangement characteristic of the dolomitize; d 

 limestones seen to underlie the Trias at Breedon and Breedon Cloud, 

 Flints olitained from this red material at Ticknall are used in th e 

 renovation of patliAvays in Calke Park. Eemnants of Trias cei ■- 

 tainl}'' occur on Millstone Grit at Ticknall, and in Calke Park sout' h 

 of the Abbey. At the extreme north-western edge of the Carbon, - 

 iferous outcro]) at Ticknall a marl (referred by the Greologica 1 

 Smwey to the Permian) oversteps the Millstone Grit and Pendlesid e 

 Shales, and rests directly upon dolomitic limestone. This marl, ., 

 which is covered by Trias farther westwards, is worked in a smal 1 

 brickyard. The exposures occurring in the western inliers ar'^ ^' 

 in general much overgrown, but the old lime-works at Ticknah 1 

 present facilities for a study of the general sequence of strata and 

 their faunal contents. 



The Ticknall Iiilier. 



The road from Melbourne to Repton passes through the village 

 of Ticknall, w^here exposures of Carboniferous rocks are seen on 

 both sides of the road. Those on the northern side, near the 

 brickyard mentioned above, are much less extensive and more over- 

 grown than the more recenth^ worked quan-ies on the southern 

 >ide, though sufficient material may be examined to show that the 

 beds on both sides are of the same lithological type and contain a 

 similar fauna. The presence of water, which has filled up old 

 workings, hinders examination on both sides of the road. The dijj 

 generally is towards the west, and its amount varies but is never 

 very high, an average being about 8°. 



Though most of the area on the southern side of the roaxl consists 

 of a rambling maze of overgrown exposures, disused tunnels, heaps 

 of waste material, etc., there are two quarries in connexion where 

 the sequence can be well seen. The larger of these, which we may 

 call the Main Quarry, shows recently-worked limestones rich in 

 Producfifs (4) : this is underlain by limestones and shales (2-3), 

 and overlain by dolomites (5), which are in turn followed by 

 conformable ' Pendleside ' Shales and Millstone Grit. This is the 

 quarry that can be seen from the roadway leading into the village 

 from Melbourne. Slightly fartlier to the south-east is the second 

 quarry, the workings of which have been prolonged in the form of 

 caverns : this may be called the Cavern Quarry. This shows a 

 similar sequence from (2-5), but crinoidal limestones (1) below (2) 

 are brought up l)y a small fault between the two quarries, and the 

 upper part of (5) has been removed by denudation. The com])]ete 

 sequence of Carboniferous rocks seen at Ticknall is given in the 

 section (fig. 1, p. 89) as follows : — 



