WAMPUM AND SHELL ARTICLES 363 



given, showing the perforation. Fig. 263 is from Indian hill, Pom- 

 pey, 1650-81. Hundreds of figures might be added from recent 

 sites. One curious form appears in fig. 63 of actual size^ and in 

 fig. 217 reduced. It represents a conventional quadruped, and is 

 from Indian Castle, Pompey. A broader form from the same place 

 is more like a turtle, and is much reduced in fig. 216. Both these 

 are in the remarkable collection of O. M. Bigelow, Baldwinsville 

 (N. Y.) Fig. 61 and 68 are from near East Bloomfield, and are in 

 the Hildburgh collection. 



Other common ornaments, somewhat resembling these, are often 

 called crescents for want of a better name. These little ornaments 

 may be either of bone or shell, are moderately curved, pointed at 

 each end, and have a double perforation for suspension. Mr Hild- 

 burgh has a number of these from a recent grave at Oneida Valley, 

 arranged as they were found. There were 16 of the crescents, 

 strung with 36 shell beads, the double rows of which kept them 

 apart. Fig. 62 shows four of the crescents thus arranged with the 

 beads. Fig. 83 shows one of more than usual size from Indian 

 Castle, Pompey. Eight, from the same place, appear much reduced 

 in fig. 200. These are now in O. M. Bigelow's collection. Fig. 

 69 gives two views of one from the site of East Cayuga. They 

 abound also on the Seneca and other recent sites. 



Some of the finest finished articles represented turtles; and it 

 has been a favorite, but, not well grounded idea, that these were 

 personal totems. Had this been the case, other clan symbols would 

 have appeared, whereas they are either rare or unknown, as will 

 appear from their omission here and the presence of others having 

 no significance. They were simply ornaments, as the writer finds 

 is the case with the later ones of silver. Fig. 98 is a good example 

 of one of these turtle forms, ornamented with lines and dots. This 

 was found in 1890, on the Onahee site, McClure farm, Hopewell 

 (N. Y.) Some of the best specimens are from this site. Fig. 99 

 is from the same place, and is of the same form. Four lines of dots 

 are inclosed by semicircles laid out with compasses. Fig. 103 is 

 of a still finer example found there, but which has unfortunately 

 lost its head. It is much larger and broader thaii usual, and is 



