506 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



of Canada and New York. Lapworth found fhe Norman® kill 

 fauna typically represented at numerous localities and termed it 

 tlie Marsouin river or Coenograptus zone. This is followed oy 

 another zone with a similar graptolite fauna. 



As to the taxonomic relations of these two zones, Prof. Lap- 

 worth arrived at the following views (p. 170 loc. cit.): 



There can be no question of the general identity of this Griffin's 

 Cove rock and the Marsouin Coenograptus zone with that of the 

 Normans kill of the Hudson river valley. The New York geolo- 

 gists have always adhered to the opinion that the Normans kill 

 beds are of the age of the Hudson river group (Lorraine) or of that 

 of the Utica slate. 



But here we have to recollect that, with the exceptionj of Whit- 

 field's distinct assertion that G. s e r r a t u 1 u s, Hall occurs in 

 the Utica slate of Oxtungo creek — which may be easily accounted 

 for on the supposition that what Whitfield calls a D i d y m o - 

 g r a p t u s may possibly be a L e p t o g r a p tu s^ — ^not a shadow 

 of paleontologic evidence has yet been adduced to show that these 

 Normans kill or Marsouin rocks are newer than the Trenton. 



I will not discuss the evidence further in this place, but will 

 merely say that in Great Britain the fossils of the Coenograptus 

 (Normans kill) zones occur in the beds immediately succeeding 

 the typical Liandeilo limestone of Wales, with g y g i a 

 b u c h i i and A s a p h u s t y r a n n u s, and in association with 

 the Craighead (Stinchar) limestone of Sicotland, with M a c 1 u r e a 

 1 o g a n i and O p h i 1 e t a c o m p a c t a, i. e. in beds apparently 

 homotaxeous with the Chazy or lowest Trenton (Birdseye and 

 Black river). i 



Jf, therefore, we provisionally regard this Normans kill (Mar- 

 souin and Griffin's Cove) zone as coming between the Chazy 

 (Mac lure a) and the Trenton limestone in America, it will 

 answer roughlj^ to its equivalent, the Coenograptus gracilis zone 

 in Great Britain, in age as well as in fossils. 



We must remember that they appertain, possibly, almost to 

 the very lowest beds of that second fauna, i. e. their place is 

 practically Trenton-Utica, and not Utica-Hudisiom. 



E. 0. TTlrich 



E. O. Ulrich cited some Normans kill graptolites from the Utica 

 shale of Cincinnati (35:183). As these have not been mentioned 

 in later lists of fossils (49), it is probable that they have mean- 

 while been differently determined, and that the Normans kill zone 

 is not represented in the regions studied by him. 



