510 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



In support of this view the writer desires to point out the follow- 

 ing facts which can be derived from Ami's observations. The joint 

 occurrence of a lower Trenton fauna with the Normans kill fauna 

 in the Quebec massive suggests that the Normans kill fauna is 

 either of lower Trenton age or directly preceded or succeeded that 

 age. It is true that the presence of such genera as Agnostus, 

 Aeglina, Bathjurus, Am pyx and D i o n i d e , when 

 considered in the light of their now known vertical range in 

 America, is indicative of an older than Trenton age; but 

 the writer has foiund east of Albany, at Rysedorph hill and 

 Moordener kill, partly below the Normans kill shales, partly 

 embedded in them, a conglomerate full of lower Tren- 

 ton fossils, in matrix and pebbles, and mixed with nn- 

 merou's specimens of A m p y x and R e m oi p 1 e u r i d e s . 

 And in Europe, notalbly in Sweden, the above mentioned 

 genera ascend into and aibove horizons considered as hoim- 

 otaxial with the Normans kill and Utica shales. A g n o s - 

 tus and Ampyx occur in the Trinucleus shales of 

 Sweden, Ampyx t e t r a g o n u s even in the upper part of the 

 middle graptolite shales; and Dionide is an important genus 

 of the Trinucleus shales, w^here also Aeglina still occurs. 

 B a t h y u r u s is still well represented in the Trenton of Ainer- 

 iea by forms like B a t h y u r u s e x t a n s , s p i n i g e r and 

 schucherti. The occurrence of these genera in the Quebec 

 beds is, in the writer's opinion, an interesting proof of the Euro- 

 pean and Atlantic connections of the Normans kill fauna already 

 indicated by the distribution of these graptolites which occur 

 only in Europe and to the east of the Appalachian region, west 

 of the Missisisippi valley and in the far northwest, etc.; while the 

 Trenton fauna has all the characters of an epicontinental fauna^ 

 restricted to the American continent and progressively developed 

 by a sudden transgression of the sea. The retention of these an- 

 cient trilobite genera in the graptolite facies of the Trenton is 

 then only an interesting instance of the retarded development of 

 the oceanic fauna in contrast to the progressive development of 

 the epicontinental faunas; relations which lately have been so 

 well elucidated by Chamber lin (59) and Weller (60). These facial 



