548 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Bent probably, as remarked by Walcott (3G:olD) a block caught 

 on the line of the fault. A similar case has been made known 

 by Vanuxem from the East Canada creek, where along a fault 

 a Trenton limestone bed has been caught between the Utica 

 shale and the. Beekmantown (C'alciferous) limestone (5:210). 

 This would indicate that the conglomerate bed was the first 

 resistent stratum within or below the Normans kill shales, It« 

 fiimilarity with the Moordener kill bed permits the conclusion 

 that it is, like the latter, inclosed in the shales, and perhaps 

 continuous with it. A few miles south of Castleton another 

 brecciated limestone bed, intercalated in graptolite-bearing Nor- 

 mans kill shales, was discovered by Ford (see p. 503). This lies 

 directly in the strike of the Moordener kill bed and is probably 

 also continuous with it. 



The conclusion to be derived from the observations on these 

 conglomerate beds, which is of the greatest import for the pres- 

 ent inveetigation, is that there is intercalated in undoubted Nor- 

 mans kill or lower Dicellograptus ehales a conglomerate bed 

 which, in pebbles as well as matrix, contains as its youngest 

 fossils those of lower Trenton aspect. The occurrence of peb- 

 bles of two different kind® of limestone (even three at Ryse- 

 dorph hill) means that the formation of several Trenton 

 limestone beds must have preceded the deposition of these 

 shales, and that an unconformity exists between the lime- 

 stone and the shale. The more common fossils of the 

 pebbles have however been found also in the matrix. This 

 could be explained either by the assumption that some fossils 

 became separated from the pebbles and embedded in the 

 matrix, a view which seems to be supported by the scarcity of 

 fossils in the matrix and opposed by the occurrence of whole 

 Bfpecimens of such fragile shells as S t r oi p h o m e n a i n - 

 c u r V a t a and Plectambonites sericea var. a s p er a , 

 James; or by the assumption that the forms entombed in the 

 pebbles were still flourishing at the time of the formation of 

 the conglomerate. As the conditions of living in a region where 



