LIME AND CEMENT INDUSTRIES 



655 



Values of various limestones 



LIMESTONE 



MAGNESIAN LIMESTONR 







OS 









to 









as 















-t-> 









■).:> 









■^ 







^ ^ 



M 







c 



0) 



a 



(V ^ 



0) U 



o 



u 





.3^ 



a 







(8 a 



a 

 o 



.Si § 





o 



3 



V u 



|S 





0) 



V o 





y» 



o 



3 









S 



"3 ^ 



•^ 



03 









^ ft 



C8 



•"^ 





i* O. 



a 



«— ( 





cs a 





OQ 



55 



> 



57 



37 



16 



64 



02 







41 



12 



> 

 61 



02 







45 



8 



c3 

 > 







59 



1 



54 



54 



1 



37 



16 



61 



1 



41 



12 



58 



1 



45 



8 



56 



3 



53 



51 



2 



86 



16 



58 



2 



40 



12 



56 



2 



44 



8 



53 



3 



52 



48 



3 



S6 



16 



56 



3 



40 



12 



53 



3 



44 



8 



51 



4 



51 



45 



4 



35 



16 



53 



4 



39 



12 



50 



4 



43 



8 



48 



5 



50 



42 



5 



35 



16 



50 



5 



39 



11 



47 



5 



43 



7 



45 



6 



50 



39 



6 



34 



15 



48 



6 



38 



11 



45 



6 



42 



7 



42 



7 



49 



S6 



7 



34 



15 



45 



7 



38 



11 



43 



7 



42 



7 



40 



8 



49 



33 



8 



33 



15 



42 



8 



37 



11 



40 



8 



41 



7 



37 



9 



48 



30 



9 



33 



15 



39 



9 



37 



11 



37 



9 



41 



7 



34 



10 



48 



27 



10 



32 



15 



36 



10 



36 



11 



34 



10 



40 



7 



31 



11 



47 



25 



11 



32 



15 



34 



11 



36 



10 



32 



11 



40 



6 



29 



12 



47 



23 



12 



31 



14 



31 



12 



35 



10 



29 



12 



39 



6 



26 



13 



46 



20 



13 



31 



14 



28 



13 



^5 



10 



26 



13 



39 



6 



23 



14 



46 



17 



14 



30 



14 



25 



14 



34 



10 



23 



14 



38 



6 



20 



15 



45 



14 



15 



30 



14 



22 



15 



34 



10 



20 



15 



38 



6 



17 



Limestone in excess purifies ttie iron from sulfur and also pre- 

 vents the reduction of the silica to silicon. 



Sugar manufacture 



Much limestone is used in the manufacture of beet sugar, and 

 here again the raw material must be of the proper composition. 

 Both clay and sand are injurious impurities, as they increase the 

 loss in lime in making the limewater, and the clay also introduces 

 alkalis into the sugar juice. The sugar manufacturer considers 

 that every part of insoluble matter means a loss of three to four 

 parts of carbonate of lime. When, therefore, a limestone con- 

 taining 95^ carbonate of lime is paid for as if containing 100^, 

 a stone with 85^ should only be paid for as if containing 60^ to 

 70^. If the lime is to be used for separation, the presence of 

 much magnesia is injurious for the reason that it will not unite 

 with the sugar as the lime does, forming a monosaccharate of 

 lime which is essential before precipitation takes place. Conse- 

 quently a large amount of magnesia hydrate in the lime necessi- 

 tates the use of so much more of the latter and may also cause 



