PubL 5. XL 09. RHYAGIA. By W. Warren. 45 



R. sigma Schiff. (= chaxacterea Esp., ditrapezium Esp. nee Schiff., signurn Fab., umbra I%w.) (10 a). wgmfl. 

 Forewing black brown or deep brown, with a faint vinous tinge; costal area diffusely brownish-ochreous ; 

 the lines ochreous; cell dark brown; upper stigmata large, grey with black edges; claviform small, blackish; 

 hind-wing dark fuscous. A central European species found in France, Switzerland, Germany and Austria; 

 also in Armenia, Siberia and Amurland. — Larva reddish yellow, with dorsal and lateral lines white; -a dark 

 oblique bar on each segment with a white dot above it; feeds on low plants. - The form nubila Esp. has nubila. 

 the costal and apical areas of forewing dull woodcolour. 



R. albipennis Btlr. (10b). Forewing greyish pink, the veins finely darker; the lines fine, olive albipennis. 

 brown, generally taint ; inner line connected along submedian fold with basal line, then projected to middle 

 of inner margin: outer line preceded by an olive brown shade at costa embracing the reniform stigma; 

 orbicular and claviform marked only by dark edging; a dark costal blotch before submarginal line; hind- 

 wing luteous white in a*, pale fuscous in ?; fringe yellow. The species, originally described from N. W. 

 India, is found also in W. China and Kashmir. 



R. rhomboidea Esp. (= stigmatica Hbn., tristigma Stph. nee TV.) (10b). Forewing olive brown, rhomboidea. 

 with a dull purplish, more rarely a deep vinous, tinge; cell and lines on costa deep olive; upper stigmata 

 large, subquadrate, with fine pale outlines; claviform small, with the base only dark; marginal area dark; 

 hindwing olive fuscous. Generally distributed throughout Europe. Larva redbrown ; dorsal and subdorsal 

 lines obscure, greenish ochreous; spiracular line pale ochreous; oblique dark bars on segments 8 — 11, and 

 on the last a pale bar; on various low plants. 



R. punicea Hbn. (10b). Forewing pale olive rufous, the veins dusted with grey; a broad olive punicea. 

 median shade, and the space between outer and submarginal lines olive; the lines paler edged with olive; 

 stigmata obscurely outlined, the claviform absent; hindwing gi^dsh luteous, the fringe pink. Widely spread 

 in Europe, except the northern parts, also found in Mongolia, Siberia and Amurland. — Larva dark brown, 

 with dark pale -edged oblique streaks on segments 4 to 11; a pale dorsal line; and a dark lateral stripe 

 above the spiracles ; thoracic plate brown with 3 white streaks ; on low plants. 



R. brunnea Schiff. (= lucifera Esp., arvensis Gmel, fragariae Bkh., carnea Tlmbg., subdolens Btlr.) brunnea. 

 (10b). Forewing pinkish or purplish plumcolour; the costal half with a fulvous and yellow tinge; cell deep 

 olive brown; claviform marked by a dark spot at its end; orbicular oblong, of the ground-colour; reniform 

 outlined or filled with ochreous; hindwing luteous fuscous; cilia pink. Throughout Europe, except the South, 

 Siberia, Amurland, ? Japan. — Larva dark brown; dorsal and subdorsal lines pale, lateral lines whitish; a 

 row of pale yellow dark-edged oblique stripes, and a yellow stripe across segment 11; on low plants. 



R. exusta Btlr. (10c). Forewing dull greyish brown, with a purplish, more rarely a rufous, tinge; exusta. 

 a black dot at base ; stigmata large, with fine pale annuli ; lines pale, obscure ; the outer not dentate ; hind- 

 wing olive fuscous. Japan, West China, Amurland. — ab. nigromaculata Graes. (10 b) has the cell black, nigro- 

 forming two spots, and the markings somewhat clearer. maculata. 



R. umbrosa Hbn. (= sexstrigata Haw) (10c). Forewing greyish rufous, the veins dark grey; umbrosa. 

 stigmata with dark outlines; the claviform with the apex only marked; orbicular sometimes paler; lines and 

 shades all dark and distinct; hindwing luteous fuscous, darker towards termen; fringe yellowish. An 

 European species of restricted range, found in Great Britain, Scandinavia, Holland, France, Germany and 

 Switzerland. — Larva yellowish brown; dorsal and subdorsal lines pale, the latter black -edged above; 

 lateral lines greyish brown and yellow; on low plants. 



R. obuncula Hamps. (10c). Near umbrosa Hbn., but the forewing yellower brown; the costa and obuncula. 

 cell dark brown; the upper stigmata grey, the reniform filled up with fuscous, the lower lobe dark; clavi- 

 form outlined only; a brown cloud on costa before submarginal line; hindwing yellowish grey, the fringe 

 yellow. Kuku-Xor, Tibet. 



R. orphnina Piing. Very near obuncula Hamps., but smaller, duller and greyer; the lines and orphnina. 

 median shade clearer; cell not darker, rendering the stigmata less prominent, the claviform absent. - 

 Described by Puxgeler from a single ? from Aksu, Mongolia. 



R. mandarinella Hamps. (= mandarina Leech, Tr. E. S. 1900, p. 47) (10 c). Forewing rufous with man- 

 purplish tinge ; claviform stigma small, ill-defined ; the others rufous edged with ochreous, the orbicular small darinella. 

 and round: hindwing pale brown; fringe reddish. Described from West China, occurs also in Tibet, Yatung. 



R. rubi View. (= radica Esp., bella Bkh., quadratum Hbn., posticata Walk.) (10c). Forewing dull rubi. 

 greyish pink, with the cross lines and shades olive; the cell brown; reniform with whitish outline; clavi- 

 form with a dark speck at its end; marginal area dark; hindwing pale luteous grey with pink fringe. 

 Confined to Northern and Central Europe; Great Britain, Scandinavia, Russia, Austria, Germany, France; 

 Siberia, Turkestan, Kamschatka. 



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