Pull. 28. x. 09. RHYAGIA. By W. Waeeen. 53 



through north and central Europe, except Britain, and found in W. Turkestan and Tibet. — The form 

 signata Stgr. is whiter with the outer line conspicuous; -- jotunensis Aurir. from Scandinavia is the dark signata. 

 form. - - Larva blackish brown more or less greenish-tinged ; dorsal line double, black ; on the sides of each jotunensis. 

 segment after the third two thick black streaks, darkest on the 4 last segments; spiracles white; venter 

 dotted with white; head reddish yellow with two brown streaks: on various low-growing plants. 



R. denticulata Wan: Forewing purplish brown, dusted with blackish; some fuscous suffusion on denticulata.- 

 inner margin near base and beyond outer line which is conspicuously dentate; stigmata with dark margins, 

 the upper two large: hindwing brownish fuscous, the fringe white. A large species, described originally 

 from X. India, but occurring in the Goorais Valley, Kashmir. 



R. occulta L. (tig). Forewing pale grey, more or less suffused with dark grey; a black streak occulta. 

 from base below cell; stigmata large, grey, with black outlines, the cell dark: inner and outer lines filled 

 in with whitish; submarginal line formed of large black and white teeth; hindwing fuscous, the fringe 

 white. This fine species occurs throughout Northern and Central Europe and Asia. - - The form implicata implicata. 

 Lrf. (= passetii Th.-Mg., aethiops Robsori) (llh) is nearly black, a mountain form, found in Finland, on the 

 Harz Mts. in German}-, and in Scotland. — ab. extricata Zett. from Lapland is an intermediate form. — extricata. 

 Larva brown, darker-mottled: dorsal and subdorsal lines yellowish; spiracular white; a series of oblique 

 lateral dark stripes; on various low plants. 



R. erythrina Ha ml. (ili). Forewing purplish-red, sometimes suffused with dark brown, varied with erythrina. 

 whitish scales; the costa blackish; lines black defined by white scales; upper stigmata denoted by a few 

 -white scales; hindwing brownish ochreous, the fringe whitish. A local species restricted to S. France, 

 Switzerland, and Spain. 



R. saucia Hbn. (= aequa Hbn.) (llh). Forewing grey-brown, varied with fuscous, generally with saucia. 

 a strong reddish tinge; the stigmata outlined with brown, the lower half of reniform fuscous; hindwing 

 semihyaline white; the veins dark; the marginal area brown. — Widely spread throughout Europe, and 

 occurring in the countries of Western Asia, also in N. Africa and the Canaries. - The form margaritosa margaritosa. 

 Haw. includes the more strongly marked and varied specimens, and wholly grey in colour; majuscula majuscula. 

 Haw. is fuscous black; ab. nigrocosta Tutt (Hi) is greyish fuscous, sometimes tinged with reddish or nigrocosta. 

 ochreous: with a broad black shade along costal area which sometimes encloses the stigmata: ab. ochrea- odireacosta. 

 costa Tutt (llh) on the contrary has the inner marginal area darker while the whole costal area is pale; 

 ab. rufa and brunnea Tutt are mere colour varieties. — Larva reddish-brown; dorsal line pale yellow, dark- rufa. 

 edged; spiracular line pale, black-edged above; a transverse black mark across segment 12; anal plate pale; brunnea. 

 head black-spotted: on numerous low plants. 



R. eminens Led. (— excellens Stgr.) (Hi). Forewing earthbrown; inner and outer lines double, eminens. 

 confluent on inner margin; stigmata large, grey; cell blackish, the base of intervals between veins 2 and 6 

 also blackish; hindwing white, fringe white. Siberia and Turkestan. 



R. elegans Ev. (— grammiptera Bsd., cancellata Frr.) (Hi). Forewing pale brown, the veins elegans. 

 whitish: lines black and white; stigmata margined with white and black, the claviform large and pointed, 

 the reniform angled inwards on median nervure; submarginal line white preceded by a row of black wedge- 

 shaped marks : hindwing of <? white with slight subterminal brownish band ; of ? more or less suffused 

 with fuscous. A South European species, found in Spain, France, Greece, and S. Russia; widely spread in 

 W. Asia, and also in Siberia and Turkestan. 



R. larixia Guen. Like elegans Ev. but with all the markings, as it were, blurred and inconcise; larixia. 

 slightly larger in size, and occurring always at a higher elevation than that species, in Europe it is found 

 in the Alps of S. France and N. Italy : and in the Mts. of Armenia, Persia, and W. Turkestan in Asia. 



R. tamerlana Hamps. (Ilk). Forewing pearlgrey, slightly dusted; upper stigmata large, grey, tamerlana. 

 confluent in lower half, the cell blackish, forming an angled mark before orbicular and a triangular one 

 between the stigmata in upper part of cell; lines indistinct; the subterminal preceded by dark lunules; 

 hindwing white. W. Turkestan. 



R. chaldaica Bsd. (Ilk). Forewing pale grey with a rufous tint; lines black; upper stigmata large, chaldaka. 

 narrowly white-ringed, the cell black before and between them; subterminal line grey preceded by a 

 reddish shade; hindwing pure white. Sarepta and Ural Mts. in S. E. Russia, W. Siberia and Turkestan. — 

 The form spodia Pilng. (Ilk) is grey without the rufous tint, and must be very near tamerlana. spodia. 



R.funkei Pilng. (12 i) Forewing greyish ochreous with darker irroration; claviform stigma distinct, edged funkei. 

 with black ; the upper stigmata pale ochreous, the cell black ; a black mark beyond reniform to outer line ; 

 submarginal line preceded by a row of dark teeth ; hindwing greyish white, the fringe white. W. Turkestan. 



Ill 8 



