ACRONICTA. By W. Waeeen. 15 



Europe, in Amurland and Japan. — ab. sundevalli Lampa (== olivacea Tutt) (4a) is a form in which both sundevalli. 

 forewing and thorax are entirely dark olivegreen. -- ab. nigra Tutt (3 b) has the forewing black throughout, nigra. 

 without any green tinge, and has only been taken in the North of England; lastly, in ab. coronula Haw. coronula. 

 the white apex is suffused with grey brown instead of green, with a white lunule on its inner edge. Larva 

 pale green; a fine pale dorsal and yellowish lateral lines; hairs long, single; fullfed in autumn, on privet 

 and ash. 



A. literata Brem. (Be). Forewing hoary grey, marked in the lower middle field by two dark literata. 

 curved longitudinal streaks, convex towards each other; described from East Siberia. - The species will 

 probably prove to be identical with senka Er. 



A. major Brem. {=■ anaedina Btlr.. maxima Moore) (3b). Forewing olive grey, with a lilac tinge; major. 

 the usual three black streaks slender; as large as hercules Fldr., and like it occurring in Amurland, China 

 and Japan; also recorded from India. — There are also smaller specimens in which the markings are 

 almost obsolete, to which the name defigurata ab. nor. may be applied as an aberration. defigurata. 



A. megacephala F. (3b). Forewing pale grej-, suffused with dark, except in a patch beyond cell; megacephala. 

 hindwing white in d", greyer in ?. Common in June throughout Europe, Asia Minor and N. Asia. Larva 

 dark grey, with granulated yellowish dots ; segment 1 1 with a large 3'ellowish-white dorsal patch ; the hairs, 

 which rise singly, whitish : head black with pale markings ; fullfed in autumn , on poplars. — In grumi grumi. 

 Alph. the forewing is narrower, the space between inner line and median shade conspicuously whitish; this 

 form is found in West China. — ab. ochrea Tutt has the ground colour distinctly ochreous; while in ab. odirea. 

 rosea Tutt the forewing is rosy-tinged. rosea. 



A. nigricans Leech. Distinguished from A. carbonaria G-raes., with which it agrees in the long nigricans. 

 narrow forewing and white hindwing, in having the lower half of forewing much blacker than the costal, 

 and the hindwings purer white; recorded only from West China. 



A. obscura Leech (3 c cf ). Forewing dark grey, suffused with black and varied with whitish ; obscura. 

 orbicular stigma quadrate; hindwing with a smoky grey marginal border and dark outer line; described 

 from West China. 



A. orientalis Mann (3c). Forewing pale and dark grey, with the three typical black streaks; orientalis. 

 orbicular stigma connected by a black dash with the lower end of the dark reniform; hindwing white; 

 recorded only from Asia Minor. 



A. paucinotata Hps. Forewing grey, with all the markings obscure ; a slight claviform mark on paucinotata. 

 outer edge of the dentate black inner line; reniform with a black lunule on lower edge; some black streaks 

 beyond outer line towards apex; hindwing brownish fuscous. Described by Hampson from a single ? from 

 Kashmir. 



A. pfizentnayeri Her:. Forewing ashgrey, with a black curved streak in middle of wing not pfizenmayert. 

 touching costa: an inner oblique dentate line joined by a black streak from base; two black wedge-shaped 

 marks before outer margin between veins 4 and 5; the orbicular stigma wanting; described as being 

 intermediate between literata Brem. and x-signata Htgr. — Yakutsk, Siberia. 



A. pontica Stgr. (3c, d). Like Hgustri F., but with white hindwings; the dorsum tufted throughout; pontica. 

 found in S. E. Russia. Armenia, Asia Minor and Kurdistan; also recorded from Spain. 



A. praeclara Graes. (3d). Forewing lilac grey; the lines and shades dark greenish fuscous; a praeclara. 

 yellowish green patch at base of inner margin. A handsome species from Amurland ; placed by Staudinger 

 in Craniophora Snell, but the dorsum has no series of tufts. 



A. pruinosa Guen. (3d). Forewing dull dark grey, with a pale patch on inner margin at base; a pruinosa. 

 brownish blotch beyond outer line on ' each fold ; palpi upright before face ; described from India , but 

 occurring also in Japan; the Japanese specimens are somewhat darker. 



A. psi L. (3d). Forewing pale grey, with the three black streaks strongly marked; stigmata /;«. 

 normally in contact; common throughout the region. — Larva with broad yellow dorsal stripe; spiracular 

 line whitish, with a lateral row of red marks: on segment 5 an erect fleshy black dorsal process, and a 

 smaller one on 12; hairs sparsely scattered; fullfed in autumn; polyphagous on trees and shrubs. Three 

 main variant forms are recorded: ab. bivirga Tutt has both the basal and marginal areas darker; ab. bivirga. 

 suffusa Tutt is the wholly dark grey form that simulates trvlens, and ab. altaica Stgr. (3e) is a paler, more suffusa. 

 whitish, form from the Altai Mts. and Amurland; besides these there are the following 5 less important altaica. 

 forms: ab. cuspis Steph. nee Hbn. is a large grey form with the black dagger marks more strongly cuspis. 

 developed, as in Hlbxee's species: in ab. bidens Tutt the basal dagger is without the short end representing bidens. 

 the handle, and the outer line runs straight to costa without a slope basewards: ab. virga Tutt has a virga. 



