CUGULEIA. By W. Wanen. 105 



C. formosa Bghfr. (26 e). Pore-wing greenish white, slightly darker speckled: the veins finely black; formosa. 

 a strong black streak from base below cell; the inner and outer lines double, blackish, approximated to each 

 other and forming with a thick diffuse black median shade a broad dark band across middle of wing; stigmata 

 with brown centres and distinct pale rings; hindwing white, the termen fuscous only in the $. Occurs in 

 France and Hungary: also at Kuku Nor. Tibet. -- Larva on Artemisia camphorata, said to resemble that 

 of the common ('. absinthii. 



C. hemidiaphana Graes. (26 e). Forewing whitish with an ochreous flush, speckled with dark grey, hemidia- 

 especially along costa: the lines obscure except towards inner margin; orbicular and reniform stigmata whitish, V iann - 

 quadrate, interrupted along the middle; the orbicular with 3 black clots on upper and lower edge alternating 

 with white: the reniform with only the inner four plain, its outer edge undefined; veins black outlined with 

 white: the intervals with grey brown streaks; marginal black dots conspicuous; fringe white; hindwing wholly 

 white. W. Turkestan. 



C. retecta Pueng. (26 e). Forewing pale purplish grey, with brown dusting; the veins finely black, rctceta. 

 and a black streak from base below cell: a distinct black median shade; orbicular stigma round, with brown centre 

 ringed with white and outlined in black: reniform indistinct, a brown lunule in the centre; a fine black streak 

 from it above vein 4 to outer line, meeting an oblique dark shade from apex; a conspicuous black streak below 

 vein 2 before termen: hindwing whitish, tinged with ochreous, the terminal area brown. Kuku Nor. Tibet. 



C. perforata Brem. (26 e). Forewing grey suffused with darker, forming diffuse clouds along the course perforata. 

 of inner and outer lines: inner line angled as usual, outer distinct only above inner margin, preceded by a 

 black blotch on submedian fold; a black streak from base below cell; the veins black before termen; short 

 black dashes below veins 5 and "2; orbicular stigma with brown centre and white annulus; reniform dark and 

 obscure; hindwing dirty whitish, with veins and termen broadly fuscous. E. Siberia, Japan, Corea, N. China. 

 As in the following species the $ is darker than the $. 



C. absinthii L. (= punctigera Hufn.) (26 f). Like the last species, but all the markings much clearer, absinthii. 

 especially the stigmata; a black blotch from costa between the stigmata; the edges of the inner line broadly 

 black; stigmata marked by black spots; terminal area more uniformly grey; hindwing dingy whitish, becoming 

 fuscous before termen. Occurs in Britain, Sweden, France, Italy, Switzerland, Germany and Russia; also in 

 Siberia and Turkestan. — Larva dull green, with a reddish brown patch on each segment interrupting the lines; 

 dorsal and subdorsal lines white, slender; spiracular line broader, white; feeds on flowers of Artemisia absin- 

 thium. 



C. umbratica L. (= lucifuga Esp. nee Schiff., lactucae Hbn. nee Esp., tanaceti Stph. nee Schiff., umbralica. 

 sonchi Hein.) (26 f). Forewing dull brownish grey, the cell and space beyond paler, d^ull greyish buff; a fine 

 black line from base below cell; the usual lines and stigmata ill-defined; orbicular represented by 2 or 3 dark 

 points, reniform by a curved black line at lower end; slight black dashes before termen above vein 3 and 

 below vein 2, and a longer black streak above middle of vein 4; hindwing of <$ white, with the veins and termen 

 narrowly fuscous; of $ wholly brown, with paler base. Of general distribution throughout Europe and West 

 and Central Asia. — Larva dirty brownish yellow with large black warty tubercles: the head and thoracic plate 

 black brown; feeds on flowers of Sonchus. 



C. clarior Fuchs. (26 g). Forewing pale whitish grey, dusted with darker grey; the cell and space clarior. 

 beyond less dusted; markings much the same as in umbratica and slightly clearer; the fringe white; hindwing 

 in o white with veins and marginal line dark, in $ brown with paler basal area; fringe white. Sarepta, S. 

 Russia: Altai Jits., W. Siberia; Issykkul and Hi, Turkestan. Probably only a white form of umbratica, corre- 

 sponding to the pale amota Alph. form of dracunculi Hbn. 



C. virgaureae Bsd. (= dracunculi Ev. nee Hbn.) (26 g). Forewing dark grey; the cell and space virgaureae. 

 beyond dull buff; costal and inner margins, especially in the $, dark fuscous; veins finely black; orbicular 

 and reniform stigmata very ill-defined, with pale brown scales in centre and 4 blackish spots in their annuli, 

 the reniform with a curved dark line at lower end; lines hardly visible except above inner margin; hindwing 

 fuscous, paler towards base. Ural Jits., Russia; Altai Mts., W. Siberia; W. and E. Turkestan. 



C. distinguenda Stgr. (26 g). Like virgaureae, but paler and much larger; the costal and inner margins e ^ d ™' JU ' 

 diffusely darker; the cell of the ground colour; lines and stigmata well-defined, the stigmata with slightly rufous 

 centres and fine black outlines, the reniform swollen in lower half; hindwing uniformly brownish fuscous. 

 W. and E. Turkestan; E. Siberia: Tibet. 



C. chamomillae Schiff. (= fissina Haic, lucifuga Dup. nee Hbn.) (26 g). Forewing" grey brown; the chamomillac 

 veins distinctly black; a whitish spot on submedian fold between the angles of inner and outer lines, which 

 are more distinct in their lower portions; stigmata very indistinct, sometimes denoted by black points on their 

 margins: a fine black streak from base along submedian fold; a black streak above middle of vein 4, and below 



