XYLINA. By W. Warren. 127 



browner towards termen, ■with dark round ceUspot and marginal line, the fringe whitish grey; underside whitish; 

 fore-wing suffused with grey; hindwing with a round black cellspot. 1 $ in Tring Museum from Amasia. 

 Distinguished by its uniform grey coloration. 



31. Genus: Xylina Tr. 



Tongue strong: palpi short and stout, not reaching beyond the thickly haired frons; antennae of <$ 

 subserrate, with short sessile fascicles of cilia; thorax squarely scaled; tegulae concave in front, separated by 

 a projecting ridge in middle; pectus and femora well haired; abdomen flattened; forewing long and narrow. 

 Larva on low-growing plants, feeding up in spring and summer; the imago emerging in autumn and hyber- 

 nating, the $ not laying her eggs till spring. The imago rests with the wings closely apprest and infolded, 

 so as to resemble a piece of decayed wood. — Type Xylina vetusta Hbn. 



X. vetusta Hbn. (31 c). Forewing pale greyish ochreous, the inner marginal half suffused with fuscous, vetusta. 

 or blackish brown, less strongly beyond middle; orbicular stigma obsolescent, marked by a brown dot or 

 two, rarely outlined; reniform large, pale, with double brown outline, followed by a patch of brown scaling, 

 joined by a black brown sagittate mark to the pale serrate subterminal line; a diffuse black blotch in the 

 dark scaling represents the claviform stigma; lines very indistinct, indicated by dark vein spots; hindwing 

 brownish fuscous. Generally distributed in Europe, except the extreme north; also found in Asia Minor, W. 

 and E. Siberia, and Turkestan. In the ab. albida Spul. (31 c) a diffuse streak of white scales runs from albida. 

 base along the middle of wing extending to the space below the reniform and obliquely upwards to apex; in 

 the $$ the dark markings are more mixed with blackish grey and in the $£ with brown; in ab. brunnea brunnea. 

 Tuft (31 c) the ground colour is brighter ochreous, and the dark shading brown or black brown, the grey and 

 white scaling being altogether absent. Larva bright green or olive brown; dorsal and subdorsal lines yellowish, 

 the latter with 3 yellow tubercles above them on each segment; spiracular line yellow, black-edged above, 

 with the spiracles red; on A r arious low growing plants. 



X. exsoleta L. (31 d). Differs from vetusta in being mainly dark or blackish grey, the ochreous exsoleta. 

 ground showing only in a longitudinal streak above the median vein broadening along vein 5; orbicular stigma 

 large and well-marked, with black linear centre and outline; lines marked by pairs of black spots on veins; sub- 

 marginal line preceded by two wedgeshaped black marks which do not reach the reniform; hindwing dark 



fuscous. Co-extensive in range with vetusta; the form occurring in Central Asia is differentiated by Staudinger . 



. - •- • 17)1 T)n (Hi cn 



as ab. impudica, the ground colour being paler, more ashy grey, with less distinct markings; in ab. obscurata ig Cura i a ' 



Spul. the whole forewing is suffused with brown; the opposite to this, in which all the black grey shading 



is absent and the whole forewing, except narrowly along costa, is pearly grey, may be called ab. pallescens ab. yallescens. 



nov. (31 d); in this the markings are as distinct as in the type form, and the hindwing is quite pale fuscous; 



there are 4 <$$ of this form in the Tring Museum from Europe, one marked Crimmitschau and the other 3 



without more precise locality. Larva green; dorsal and subdorsal lines broadly yellow; spiracular line red, 



pale-edged beneath, with the yellow spiracles above it; tubercles white with broad blackish rings; on various 



low plants. 



X. fumosa Btlr. (31 d). Slightly larger, like most Japanese species, than exsoleta, the ground colour fumosa. 

 more brownish grey; the hindwing smoky fuscous brown throughout, not paler towards base as in exsoleta. 

 Japan. 



X. formosa Btlr. (31 e). Eorewing dull fuscous grey, varied with darker, the costa suffused with formosa. 

 darker, especially before submarginal line ; lines , double, dentate-lunulate, filled up with paler and marked 

 darker on veins ; claviform obscure, but marked by a dark curve at its tip ; orbicular extending below median, 

 with a triple leaden grey centre surrounded by paler and partially outlined finely with black; reniform large, 

 leaden black, containing a rufous lunule; submarginal line ochreous between redbrown or rufous shades; mar- 

 ginal area paler beyond it; hindwing uniform fuscous. Japan. The forewings are a little broader with the 

 costa more curved than in the typical species. The face, shoulders, and abdominal tufts are pale ochreous. 



X. lunifera spec. nov. (31 e). Forewing ochreous, much varied with brown; the inner marginal half suffused lunifera. 

 with grey brown; the costal edge black, with conspicuous white dots towards apex; basal and inner lines acutely 

 dentate, dark brown; outer line marked by black vein points; reniform stigma large, reaching below median, 

 its centre a broad white lunule, laterally brown-edged, then outlined with brown and finally with black; the two 

 teeth of the inner line in the cell are enclosed in a pale black-edged rounded space, which occupies the usual place of 

 the orbicular stigma, but the real orbicular is a small round black-edged spot lying in the dark median shade which ' 

 precedes the reniform; submarginal line pale, zigzag, preceded and followed by dentate brown shades, the inner 

 one marked by black in midwing; hindwing brownish fuscous, with the fringe ochreous beyond some black 

 marginal lunules; face above and shoulders bright pale ochreous; tips of shoulders and lower part of face brown; 

 thorax and patagia dark black brown. 1 <J from Amasia in Tring Museum, expanding 50 mm. 



