CALOTAENIA. By W. Warren. 129 



black, with brown centres and ocbrcous rings; subterminal line pale, preceded by a brown shade; the area before 

 it paler grey with black streaks on the veins and a thicker streak below vein 2; hindwing fuscous, with darker 

 outer line, bent and accompanied by whitish spots at vein 2. Amurland. 



Sect. II. Antennae of <J shortly bipectinate, of $ serrate; terminal segment short. 



M. oxyacanthae L. (31 g). Forewing reddish grey, varied with fuscous; the nervures and inner margin °anthae. 

 lined with green scales; a strong black streak from base below cell; lines finely black, the inner sharply angled 

 outwards at the end of the basal streak, the outer marked with a bright white crescent on submedian fold; stig- 

 mata all large, pale pinky brown, outlined with black; a diffuse black shade to termen below vein 2; submarginal 

 line faintly paler, the area before it generally paler; hindwing luteous whitish in $, grey in $. Occurs through- 

 out Europe except in the extreme North, in Armenia, Syria, Asia Minor, and Central Asia. The form found 

 in Syria, benedictina Stgr. (31 g) has the forewings dark grey brown; the hindwings paler; but those of the $ benedictina. 

 are darker grey; — another form, occurring in Pontus, Palestine and Ussuriland, asiatica Stgr. has the fore- asiatica. 

 wings pale grey; capucina Mill. (31 g h) is a form restricted, apparently, to the British Isles, rich deep brown caparina. 

 with darker shading in the <$, darker duller brown in the $, with the lines and markings distinct, the hindwings 

 of the <J often rufous-tinged ; in this the green scaling is altogether absent ; — Corsica S-pul. from the Island of Corsica. 

 Corsica, is said to be paler, of a more vivid yellowish red colour ; — pallida Tutt, from Ireland and Berkshire, pallida. 

 has pale reddish grey forewings, with only a slight amount of green along inner and outer margins. Larva dull 

 slaty grey or brownish grey, covered with irregular-shaped black marks; on each side of segment 4, which is slightly 

 raised, an oblique dark streak; tubercles pale on dark spots; spiracles fine, white, with black rings; feeds in 

 spring on Crataegus and Prunus. 



Sect. III. Antennae of <J simple. 



M. extensa Btlr. (31 h). Forewing pale pearly grey, varied with lilac and pale brown, the subcostal, extensa. 

 median, and submedian veins marked in parts with yellow green scales; a thick black streak from base below 

 cell crosses the black inner line and joins the large acutely pointed black-edged claviform stigma, which lies in the 

 diffusely enlarged median shade; upper stigmata large, pale lilac grey, with blackish edging; submarginal line 

 pale preceded by a distinct dentate browm shade; 3 strong black streaks to margin above veins 2, 3, and 4; veins 

 slightly black-scaled; the white crescent of outer line small; hindwing dull dark grey, with the veins darker; the 

 form cinerea Btlr. is darker, the whole inner marginal area of forewing being suffused with dark brown. Japan, cinerea. 

 The forewings are somewhat more elongate than in the other species. 



M. bimaculosa L. (31 h). Forewing whitish grey, speckled with darker scales, the shadings olive bimaculosa. 

 brownish, this colour filling up the outer half of median area between subcostal vein and submedian fold; a 

 thick dark streak from base below cell; inner line double, oblique and angulated, darker externally; outer line 

 lunulate-dentate, double; stigmata all large, rounded, pale grey with darker dusting, the reniform externally 

 white, with a black line along its base above the median. vein; veins towards termen black-dotted, the intervals 

 on margin with redbrown dentate markings, the submarginal line with a rufous dentate shade before it, crossed 

 by a diffuse dark shade on submedian fold; hindwing pale and darker grey; a large cell blotch and blotch at 

 margin on submedian fold blackish; an obscure darker outer line; marginal area pale grey. A South European 

 species occurring in France, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Switzerland, Spain, and Italy; also in Asia Minor, 

 Pontus, and Persia; a single specimen is recorded from the west of England, taken many years ago. Larva 

 brown, darker in front; dorsal line narrow, pale, with 4 white tubercles on each side; lateral lines waved, dark- 

 edged above, paler below; 11th segment with a two-pointed hump; living in spring on Prunus and Ulmus. 



M. funesta Leech. (32 a). Forewing pale grey, largely suffused with dark redbrown or fuscous, the funesla. 

 whole thickly irrorated with black; lines indistinct; claviform stigma large, partly edged with black; upper 

 stigmata large, pale, with fuscous centres and outlines; a short black streak below vein 2 from outer line to 

 termen; hindwing whitish, tinged with reddish brown; an outer line and some marks on termen at vein 2 and 

 middle dark. Japan; $$ only known. 



M. sabulosa Graes, Forewing pale grey, dusted with darker; these dark scales form irregular patches sabulosa. 

 at middle of base, in the cell between the stigmata, and on termen; a black mark near base of cell; stigmata 

 large and grey, with dark centres and black outlines; reniform with a white spot at lower end and angled inwards 

 along median vein; lines grey, evenly dentate; submarginal line broad, whitish, with brown patches before it 

 at submedian fold and costa; hindwing grey with a dark terminal line and yellowish fringe. Amurland. 



36. Genus: Calotaenia Stph. 



Tongue fully developed; palpi upturned, the second segment fringed with long hair in front, the third 

 short, porrect; irons smooth, carrying a tuft of hair; another tuft between antennae, which are fasciculate 

 in $; thorax quadrate, clothed with scales; the prothorax and metathorax slightly crested; tibiae fringed with 



