152 AMATHES. By W. Warren. 



and young shoots of Poplar and Sallow, afterwards on low plants. Throughout Europe, in Asia Minor and 

 Armenia. 



hclvola. A. helvola L. (37 f). Forewing dull reddish or bright reddish; inner, outer, and submarginal lines brownish, 



formed of lunules between the veins, those of the inner line more continuous; a distinct brownish angulated 

 median shade; stigmata usually very indistinct, of the ground colour or slightly darker, with paler annuli; 

 hindwing grey, with costal and terminal areas and the fringe generally ochreous or rufous; the basal area 

 before inner line and the space between outer and submarginal lines darker, forming more or less prominent 

 bands; the dull reddish examples with these bands well-developed are typical helvola; the bright red ones are 



rufina. rufina L.; — catenata Esp. (37 f) is a form in which the space between the outer and submarginal lines is not 



t'tlff titttct • • 



filled up with darker, so that the dark lunules forming those lines are more conspicuous; the examples with 

 ockrea. a greenish grey or ochreous ground colour, with the bands also developed are ab. ochrea Tutt (37 f); — those with 

 punica. a yellowish ground and purplish-brown bands are punica Bkh.; the lines and bands are often obscured and 

 vnicolor. semiobsolete; these less-marked forms with dull reddish ground are unicolor Tutt (37 f); — with bright red ground 

 rufa. ru f a Tutt; — and with greenish ochreous ground extincta Spul.; sibirica Stgr. (37 g), from Central Asia, is a form 

 sibirica w ith V^ e yellow forewings; cinnamomea Fuchs has much grey suffusion, the area beyond outer line darker 

 cinna- brown; specimens from Amasia, though reddish in a few cases, mostly $$, are generally much paler than 

 momea. European, dull brownish or ochreous-grey, with indistinct or obsolete markings; in particular the hind- 

 wings are much whiter with the grey and rufous suffusion usually slighter and more restricted in area; ab. 

 pallescens. pallescens ab. nov. (37 g). Larva reddish brown or yellowish brown, sometimes greenish; dorsal line yellowish; spira- 

 cular line broadly white; living at first on various trees and afterwards on low plants. Generally distri- 

 buted through Europe, and found in Armenia, Asia Minor, W. Siberia, and W. Turkestan. 



Sect. II. Antennae of $ simply pubescent. 



lilura. A. litura L. (37 g). Forewing bluish grey or violet grey, the basal half slightly paler; the lines all marked 



by black spots on costa, the submarginal with an oblique bar; inner and outer lines dark, obscurely double, with 



pale centres; stigmata large with pale annuli, the reniform generally with darker centre; hindwing dull fuscous; 



pollula. — polluta Esp. (37 g) is the large dark form; — ornatrix Hbn. (37 h) a small dark form; both with the costal 



omatrix. S p £ s -well-developed; — borealis Sp.-Schn. (= saturata Schultze) has the basal half of wing prominently pale; 



meridio- — meridionalis Stgr., a Southern race, is paler, bluish-grey or yellowish-grey with prominent grey brown or 



nalis. redbrown median shade; — ochreata Spul., from Central Europe, is purplish grey with a yellow tinge, the 



"ntia' Dasa l nai ^ often whitish ochreous; — in rufa Tutt (37 h) the ground colour is reddish brown instead of purple grey; 



luteogrisea. ab. luteogrisea ab. nov. (37 h), from Amasia, is pale stone colour, with distinct but not prominent markings, the 



underside paler. Larva grey, brown, or reddish; dorsal line pale, generally with several fine lines close to it; 



spiracular line white with the lower edge yellow; head brown; thoracic and anal plates dark green with 3 



white lines. General throughout Europe, also in Armenia and Asia Minor. 



gratiosa. A. gratiosa Stgr. (37 h). Forewing pale brick red, dusted thickly with darker; the veins white; inner and 



outer lines double, dark filled in with white, the inner curved, the outer slightly sinuate; median shade thick, 

 angled on median; submarginal line whitish, straight, except for the subcostal angle, preceded by a row of 

 black marks, and a black bar from costa; stigmata large with whitish, black-outlined annuli; hindwing 

 reddish-fuscous; the fringe pale. Asia Minor, Amasia. 



lucida. A. lucida Hufn. (= nitida F., ? insueta Frr.) (37 h). Forewing dull grey brown, with a faint reddish 



flush; inner and outer lines dark brown, double, accompanied by a dark shade; the median shade strong and 

 bent; stigmata large, darker than the ground colour, with pale outlines; submarginal line marked by black 

 obscurata. spots between the veins, the termen beyond it dark; veins pale; — obscurata Spul. (37 i) has the ground colour 

 garibaldina. dark redbrown, the postmedian area with darker lines and shades, the hindwing blackish; — garibaldina Turati 

 (37 i) has the prothorax and forewing bright fulvous Larva greenish; dorsal and subdorsal lines white; a dorsal 

 row of dark V-shaped marks; spiracular line pale green, spiracles black; on various low plants. Of general 

 occurrence in Europe, except Britain and Belgium; and found, like most of its congeners, also in Asia Minor 

 Syria, and Armenia. 



delela. A. deleta Stgr. (37 i). Forewing rufous, sometimes tinged with brown or olive grey; the lines usually in- 



distinct, disposed very much as in helvola L., from which it may always be distinguished, not only by its 

 smaller size, but by its wholly dark grey hindwings, and by the reniform stigma not being black in its lower 

 deeolorala. half; — decolorata Stgr. (37 i) has the ground colour grey brown without red tinge, the transverse markings, espe- 

 inlermediu. cially towards termen, clearer, and the veins slightly pale; — ab. intermedia ab.nov. is rufous grey, with the 

 brunnea. markings still clearer and the veins pale; in ab. brunnea ab. nov. (37 k) the forewings are deep brickred suffused with 

 brown, the markings almost obsolete; hindwing dark grey, with rufous fringe. Known only from Armenia 

 and Asia Minor. 



mansueta. A. mansueta H.-Sch. (37 k). Forewing pale greenish grey with a luteous tinge, which becomes rufous to- 



wards inner margin in the median area; inner and outer lines slaty or greenish grey, double; the median shade 



