ATETHMIA; COSMIA. By W. Warren. 153 



becoming rufous below middle; costa marked with darker spots at origin of the lines; subraarginal line 

 marked by the terminal area beyond it being darker; orbicular stigma small, round, annular; reniform large, 

 filled up with dark slaty green; fringe with a rufous tint; hindwing greyish fuscous; the fringe pale; ab. pon- ponlica. 

 tica Stgr. (37 k) is without any luteous tinge in the forewing, the whole wing being pale greenish-grey, the 

 markings, on the whole, not so clearly defined. Recorded from Sicily, Armenia, Asia Minor, and Palestine. 



A. iners Germ. (= congener H. G.) (37 k). Forewing pale luteous grey, with hardly any rufous or brownish iners. 

 tinge; the lines and shading only slightly darker; the median shade distinct; the upper stigmata large, with 

 distinct whitish outline; submarginal line pale, waved, the terminal area beyond it darker; hindwing dull 

 grey; of this form the very palest specimens with scarcely any markings are ab. pallida Tutt, while the dark pallida. 

 grey examples with no rufous or luteous tinge whatever are grisea Tutt; — suspecta Hbn. (37 k) is more mottled W'isea. 

 with darker, brownish red, shades; — in nigrescens Tutt (38 f) these dark shades are intensified and the whole insect i7!i»T.vm)s 

 becomes blackish red brown; the bright red specimens, with lines and markings clear are rufa Tutt; — while rufa. 

 the red brown forms mixed with purplish grey and with paler stigmata are variegata Tutt (38 f). Larva pur- variegala. 

 plish brown; dorsal line yellowish white, well-defined; subdorsal lines faint; tubercles prominent; underside 

 pale yellowish; living when young in the catkins of poplars, afterwards on low plants generally. Occurs 

 throughout Europe, except Spain, and through Central Asia to Japan and Kamschatka. 



64. Genus: Atethmia Hbn. 



Tongue present; frons smooth, with a large tuft; palpi obliquely porrect, hairy below; antennae of 

 <J serrate, with short sessile fascicles of cilia; vestiture hairy; thorax and abdomen without crests, the latter 

 short ; forewing with apex produced, termen crenulate, somewhat bent at middle. Larva short and 

 stout; feeding in spring, first in the young shoots of trees, afterwards hiding by day in the chinks of the 

 bark of the trunk, and feeding by night; pupating in a spun cocoon on the ground; the imago emerges in 

 autumn. Type Atethmia xerampelina Esp. 



A. xerampelina Esp. (= centrago Haw.) (38 f). Forewing deep yellow, with a greyish purple central fascia, xeram- 

 the terminal area beyond submarginal line of the same colour; the central fascia is edged inwardly by a pale P elma - 

 vertical inner line, and outwardly by an obliquely sinuous outer line; the fascia does not reach above the 

 middle except beyond the reniform stigma which is similarly coloured; fringe greyish purple; a small dark 

 spot shows at base of cell; hindwing dull white, becoming yellowish rufous towards termen; the whole fore- 

 wing is sometimes suffused with purplish, only the two lines showing yellowish and the central fascia darker; 

 the hindwing redder; this is ab. unicolor Stgr. (38 f); — pallida Stgr. from Asia Minor is a paler form, reddish or un jfPjor. 

 greyish ochreous in the forewing, with the hindwing whiter; — maculifera Stgr. from Syria and Palestine maculijera. 

 is also a paler but yellowish form, with the reniform stigma large and dark, and the outer pale line more 

 strongly excurved above; the hindwing greyish yellow; the forewing shorter with less produced apex. — 

 Larva grey or reddish grey, with dark mottled markings; dorsal and subdorsal lines pale, with oblique black 

 streaks between them; head small, brown; feeds on ash. Widely distributed, but not common, throughout 

 Europe, except Scandinavia and Italy; also in Asia Minor, Armenia, Syria and Palestine. 



A. ambusta F. (38 g). Forewing dull redbrown, darker, less reddish, in the $; the lines fine and pale; the ambusta. 

 inner line as in xerampelina but more flexuous; the submarginal wavy; reniform stigma of ground colour with 

 pale outline; hindwing whitish, towards termen rufous in $, brownish in $, the fringe varying in a similar 

 way; rubens Stgr. from Asia Minor and Palestine is paler, more yellowish red, with the hindwing whiter, rubens. 

 More local than xerampelina, occurring only in France, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Switzerland, and N. 

 Italy; also in Asia Minor and Palestine. — Larva dirty flesh colour; dorsal and subdorsal lines whitish, 

 with oblique brown streaks between them; spiracular line yellow; feeds on Pear trees. 



A. rufa spec. nov. (38 f). Forewing bright brick red; inner and outer lines deep red, conversely edged with rufa. 

 pale; the inner nearly vertical; the outer shaped as in xerampelina; fringe concolorous; hindwing ochreous white, 

 tinged with brickred towards termen, with traces of an outer line. Described from a single $ taken Septem- 

 ber 1907 at Herkulesbad, Hungary (Aszner). 



65. Genus: Cosniia Tr. 



Distinguished from Atethmia in having the terminal segment of palpi longer, in the tegulae being 

 simple, not produced into a dorsal ridge; the termen of wing smooth, not crenulate. Larva when young 

 in catkins or on the flowers of trees, afterwards descending to the ground and feeding on various low plants; 

 the imago emerging in autumn. Type C. fulvago L. 



C. aurago F. (= praetexta Esp.) (24 h). Forewing yellow, deeper in ? than <$, the basal area greyish aurago. 

 purple, limited by the wavy yellow inner line, and yellow itself at costa; terminal area beyond the yellow 



