158 AMPHIPYRA. By W. Warren. 



usual dark shading and markings. — Larva pale to dark green, with a white red-tinged stripe above the 

 feet; feeding on various loAvgrowing plants, — Heath, Cistus, and Cytisus. Mainly a South European 

 species, occurring in France, Spain, Italy, Sicily, Corsica, Dalmatia, Greece, and Germany; also in Syria, 

 and in Algeria. 



3. Genus: Ampliipyi'a Tr. 



Differs only slightly from Pyrois Him., the second segment of palpi being smoothly scaled like the 

 terminal, instead of fringed with hair, and the terminal longer and more pointed. Larva as in Pijrois, 

 hut only emerging from the egg in spring. Type AmpJiipyra tragopoginis L. 



pyramided. A. pyramidea L. (38 a). Forewing brownish fuscous, sometimes much speckled with white or 



ochreous; lines darker, double, filled up with pale, both nearly vertical; the inner bluntly angled outwards 

 in the intervals and inwards on the veins; the outer sinuous above middle, lunulate-dentate below; sub- 

 marginal pale, preceded by darker shading, often containing black wedgeshaped marks; median shade 

 diffuse, broad; cell filled up with blackish, and often a fine black line along submedian fold; orbicular 

 stigma only represented, as a pale black-centred ring; hindwing deep coppery red, the costal third bronzy 



albisquama. fuscous; — ah. albisquama db. nov. (38 a) has the pale ring of the orbicular, the submarginal line, and the 

 marginal spots brightly white and the outer line more broadly filled up with distinct cream white; the 

 ground colour is uniformly dark brownish fuscous, obscuring all the horizontal pale markings and the pale 

 veins, so that only the transverse lines are visible; thus it resembles the much larger eastern species 

 variegala. monolitha; all the examples are from Herculesbad, Hungary; — ab. variegata ab. nov. (38 b) from Algeria 

 has the basal half of forewing and the terminal area sprinkled with pale scales, and the annulus of the 

 virgata. orbicular stigma is broadly white; — in ab. virgata Tutt the median area, between inner and outer lines, 

 forms a broad dark band, and the terminal area is dark on each side of the subterminal line, as in 

 pyramidoides Guen. from N. America. Larva green; dorsal line white; subdorsal lines yellowish white, 

 interrupted; spiracular greenish white; head green; 12th. segment with a large conical prominence, bent 

 obliquely backwards, its apex redbrown, thickened and hardened; feeding on oak, elm, birch, and other 

 forest trees. Generally distributed in Europe; occurring also in Armenia, Asia Minor, Persia, and W. Tur- 

 kestan; and in Japan and Corea. 



monolitha. A. monolitha Guen. (= surnia Fldr.) (38 b). Like pyramidea but much larger; the ground colour 



darker, more uniformly brownish fuscous ; outer half of median area generally forming a well-marked 

 blackish fascia across wing; the outer line is edged with white, which sometimes forms a broad diffused 

 slrigala. space reaching nearly to submarginal line; ■ — in ab. strigata, db. nov. (= ab. 2. Hmps.) (38 b) there is 

 no blackish fascia across the wing, but a thick black streak from orbicular along cell to outer line; — 

 dbscura. on the other hand, in the ab. obscura Oberth. (= obliquilimbata Graes.) (38 b), from Amurland, the dark 

 tints are intensified, and the hindwing is darker and deeper red. Guenee's type came from SjJhet, 

 N. India; the insect is common in Japan, W. China, and Amurland. 



livida. A. livida F. (= scotophila Hbn.) (38 c). Forewing deep bronzy purplish-brown, without markings; 



hindwing pale coppery yellow; costal area and upper half of terminal area and the fringe purplish brown; 



restricia. — in ab. restricta ab. nov. (38 c), from Uralsk, the hindwing is brighter yellow, with the apical area much 

 more narrowly darkened; — examples from Amasia, Syria, have the hindwing wholly pale coppery red, 



M/usm/a w **k sminar slight apical clouding = ab. cupreata db. nov. (38 c); — a third form, ab. infuscata db. nov. 

 (38 c) from Ichikishiri, Yesso, differs in the opposite direction, the hindwing being more or less wholly 

 suffused with smoky fuscous. Larva yellowish green; dorsal line darker, edged with paler green; subdorsal 

 lines yellowish; lateral stripe yellow; feeding on various low plants. Found in France, Germany, Austria, 

 Hungary, Italy, Corsica, Rumelia, Russia; in Armenia and Asia Minor, W. and E. Siberia, and Yesso, 

 Japan. 



corvina. A. corvina Motschl. (38 c). Larger than livida, the forewing more purple, the hindwing more 



coppery. Japan, Corea, West and Central China. 



tripartita. A. tripartita Bllr. (38 c). Forewing black; inner and outer lines represented by broad white bands, 



the outer somewhat curved and ending at anal angle; submarginal line silvery bluish white, irregularly 

 dentate-lunulate, becoming broadly white at anal angle where it joins the outer band, from which it is 

 separated by some fulvous scaling; a row of silvery bluish white spots just before termen, preceded by 

 black wedgeshaped marks and lunules; hindwing fuscous black. Japan, Central China. 



jankowsltii. A. jankowskii Oberth. (38 d). Forewing black from base to outer line, the basal field slightly greyer 



than the central; lines white; inner irregularly waved, vertical; the outer dentate-lunulate, outcurved to 

 near anal angle; terminal area ochreous grey, traversed by a paler submarginal line, preceded at costa by 





