168 PAEASTICHTIS. By W. Warren, 



line dentate, bent on vein 5, crossed by the dark veins, and bent outwards on inner margin below vein 1, 

 and followed by a diffuse white patch; subterminal line white, preceded by blackish wedge-shaped marks 

 in middle of wing, angled outwards to termen on veins 3, 4, above 6 crossed by an oblique whitish apical 

 patch; black terminal lunules; fringe olive grey intersected by fine white rays; claviform stigma small, 

 olive grey, edged with black, followed by a whitish cloud; orbicular oblique, elongate, white, with faint 

 grey line at centre: reniform olive grey: the lower half fuscous, ringed with white; hindwing olive brown, 

 darker along the termen; cellspot, outer line, and veins darker; fringe white. An Eastern species, found 

 only in S. E. Russia, in Europe; in Asia from Kurdistan, W. Turkestan, W. and E. Siberia, and Mongolia. 



conciliate. P. conciliata Btlr. (= gemina Leech nee Hbn,). Forewing pale grey or gre3 r -brown, often with a 



slight olive tint, and along the two folds tinged with rufous; a blackish basal streak below cell; median 

 area darker except beyond reniform; inner and outer lines dark, conversely whitish-edged, often joined by 

 a dark shade or black streak along submedian fold from below the claviform stigma, which is rufous with 

 black outline; the outer line with black and white teeth on the veins; orbicular and reniform pale, with 

 grey centres and sometimes dark outlines; outer area dark and obscure with submarginal line grey across 

 it, or with the space between outer and submarginal lines paler; a black streak between veins 4 and 5 

 before submarginal line, and one on each side of vein 4 beyond it; hindwing dull greyish fuscous, with a 

 paler outer line; — the type form has the thorax varied with white scales, and the forewing with whitish 

 patches on inner margin on each side of the median area, as in jarikowskii; — the more usual form, 

 fuscata. ab. fuscata ab. nov. (40 c), is more uniformly suffused with rufous fuscous. Recorded only from Japan. 



obscura. P. obscura Haw. (= gemina Hbn., anceps Dup.) (40 c). Forewing reddish brown mixed with grey, 



especially along costa and inner margin; inner and outer lines dark, conversely edged with pale, and 

 lunulate-dentate; submarginal line pale grey, preceded by a brown shade, the terminal area dark fuscous; 

 claviform obscure, dark edged; orbicular and reniform grey with whitish annuli; hindwing dirty whitish 

 submissa, grey with dark veins and cellspot, the termen diffusely dark fuscous; — in the ab. submissa Tr. (40 d) 

 the forewing has a short black streak from base below cell, and another on inner margin near base, often 

 with dark cloud above its end; a black streak along submedian fold between inner and outer lines, below 

 which the inner marginal area is paler; the dark suffusion on the rest of wing somewhat stronger; in ab. 



remissa. remissa Hbn. (= supermissa Spul.) (40 d) the difference between the ground colour and the dark shading 

 is still more marked, the ground being pale grey, often reddish tinted, and the markings blackish fuscous; 

 some black wedge shaped marks before submarginal line; the upper stigmata whitish. Larva grey brown; 

 the tubercles blackish; dorsal line whitish, subdorsal lines pale; spiracular line broader, pale grey, edged 

 above with dark: spiracles black; head and thoracic plate black brown; on grasses. Generally distributed 

 in North and Central Europe, but not occurring in the extreme South; also in Armenia, the Altai Mts., 

 W. Siberia and in Amurland. 



unanimis. P. unanimis Hbn. (= scortea H. Sch. part) (40 c). Forewing brownish-fuscous, or, like obscura 



Haw., redbrown, but without so much of the grey tinge; a black streak from base below cell, and another 



above inner margin near base; (these though well marked in its aberrations submissa and remissa are not 



visible in typical obscura); often a blackish streak on submedian fold between the two lines; reniform 



stigma externally edged with white; the terminal area not so dark, more dusted with grey; the submarginal 



line not acutely angled below middle; — the form with black streak on submedian fold, sometimes with 



Htho"a a P a ^ er Dasa l and submarginal areas, as in remissa Hbn,, is the ab. secalina Haw. (40 c); — ab. rufithorax 



ab. nov. (40 c), agreeing in both respects with secalina, has besides the whole head and thorax including 



the patagia bright rufous; the only example, a o, of this form is from Wiesbaden; — two other forms 



fasciata. deserve notice; — ab. fasciata ab. nov. (40 d) has the median area filled up with dark fuscous, the pale 



upper stigmata and the inner and outer lines more conspicuous; the head and thorax blackish; — ab. 



scmiochrea. semiochrea ab. nov. (40 d), has the postmedian area between outer and submarginal lines and the lower 



part of the median area pale ochreous, and might easily be mistaken for an example of secalis L. ab. 



oculea Guen. Larva much like that of obscura, feeding on grasses, especially Phalaris arundinacea. The 



species is co-extensive in range with obscura. 



Vabulalri- p pabulatricula Brahm (= connexa Bkh., elota Hbn.) (40 d). Forewing chalk grey, partially tinged 



with pale olive brown, especially iii median area and on inner margin before inner line; a thick black 

 streak from base below cell, and a second on submedian fold uniting inner and outer lines; the space 

 below this last streak also often fuscous or black, as well as a spot on costa reaching between the two 

 stigmata, of which the orbicular is oval, oblique, with brown centre and black edge, and the reniform 

 large, ochreous-tinged and externally diffuse; inner and outer lines double, black, filled in with white, the 

 inner oblique outwards, approaching the outer on the submedian fold; submarginal line grey, waved, and 

 toothed between 2 and 4; some black dashes beyond it below costa; fringe dark grey pencilled with white; 

 sem i. hindwing grey, browner towards termen, with a dark cellspot ; when fresh the thoracic tufts are rufous, 

 brunnea. those of the dorsum black; — ab. semibrunnea Petersen from Russia has the forewing from base to outer 



