PARASTICHTIS. By W. Warren. 171 



Jots externally: inner and outer lines double, black, filled in with the ground colour; outer line dentate, 

 the teeth strongly marked black and white; submarginal line obscure, preceded by a darker shade and a 

 cloud on eosta; hindwing dirty whitish tinged with rufous; cellspot, veins, outer line, and submarginal 

 shade dark grey. Only the type specimen, a $ from Pu-tsu-fong, W. China, is known. 



P. fasciata Leech (40 g). Porewing bright redbrown; the antemedian and postmedian areas bluish fasciata. 

 white, except towards costa; claviform black; orbicular round, with dark centre and outline; the reniform 

 with some bluish white mixed with the dark centre; the inner and outer dentate lines and the median 

 shade black and distinct; submarginal line very indistinct, but forming a bluish white apical patch; hind- 

 wing pale fuscous, with dark cellspot and outer line. W. China; Yatong, Tibet; also from N. India,. The 

 species is superficially much like 1'. strwoei Bagusa from Sicily. 



P. secalis L. (= lamda View., lancea Esp., vilis Hbn.). Forewing varying in ground colour from secalis. 

 bluish white, cream white, through pale and dark grey, sometimes ochreous or brownish-tinged, to grey 

 brown, redbrown. or purplish broAvn; the median area and terminal area darker, fuscous brown or blackish 

 brown, generally with a broad black brown streak from below the claviform stigma along submedian fold 

 to outer line; a black dash from base below cell, and a black streak above inner margin near base; inner 

 and outer lines double, dark, conversely lunulate-dentate; submarginal line pale with a narrow dark shading 

 preceding it; claviform stigma small, black-edged; orbicular oblique, oval, of the ground colour, but often 

 tinged- with rufous, with paler annulus and black outline, the reniform with a brown lunule in its inner 

 side, filled in sometimes with ground colour, or with luteous, or white; veins often dark towards termen; 

 hindwing fuscous ; the form with the ground colour pale is ab. I-niger Haw. (40 g) ; in this the markings niger. 

 are plainer than in those examples with the ground colour almost as dark as the median band = ab. 

 didyma Esp. (= secalina Hbn.) (40 g); --in ab. oculea Guen. (? = oculea L.) (40 g), the ground colour is *^J™ a ' 

 pale ochreous or greyish ochreous, with the costal area as far as submarginal line black brown, this colour 

 filling the cell and in median area reaching to submedian fold; the terminal area except at apex is also 

 black brown; the reniform stigma varies as before, being sometimes of the ochreous ground colour, more 

 rarely white; the streak near base above inner margin is brown black instead of black and sometimes 

 obsolete; the black streak along submedian fold between the lines is never present; — in furca Haw. the furca. 

 ground colour is suffused with rufous and the contrast between the dark and light shades is less striking; 

 rava Haw. (40 h) has the ground colour rufous ochreous or brown with the dark brown of the costal area ram. 

 filling up the median area to inner margin, and is thus intermediate between secalis L. and oculea Guen. ; — 

 grisea Tutt (40 h) is an almost unicolorous grey form with hardly any clear markings, passing into reti- ^elfrntata 

 culata Tutt (? = uniformis Spul.) (40 h), which is a dull brown grey or fuscous grey form with the cross 

 lines and stigmata more or less distinct, the reniform sometimes white, but more often of the ground 

 colour; this is a common form in Britain; this passes again into the deep brown ab. nictitans Esp. nictitans. 

 (40 h) and the black form, with more or less obscured markings, ab. leucostigma Esp., (= lugens Haw., leucosligma. 

 nigra Tutt, albistigma Tutt) (40 h) ; in these the reniform stigma is either yellowish or bright white, or, 

 as often in British specimens, dark with the outer edge bearing 2 or 3 white dots only; in the very 

 darkest forms the submarginal line is represented by fine pale dashes between the veins; two new forms, 

 possibly specifically distinct, must be named; ab. pulverosa ab. nov. (40 h), somewhat like ab. reticulata Tutt, vujyerosa. 

 but darker, suffused with brown and clouded, especially along costa, with blackish fuscous, in places 

 thickly irrorated with whitish scales; veins strongly dusted with dark and pale scales; inner and outer 

 lines distinct, filled up with ochreous; subterminal line brownish ochreous preceded by a deep brown cloud 

 and followed by dull blackish terminal blotches on both folds; claviform and orbicular dull, brown, with 

 black edges: reniform large, the inner half dark with a dark edged central brown lunule, the external 

 margin yellow ochreous, except at lower end which is white; hindwing dark fuscous: head and thorax 

 black brown: described from a $ from Pescocostanzo, Italy, (Neumann); the second, ab. lilacina ab. nov. (40 h), lilacina. 

 is from Silvaplana, in the Engadine, Switzerland; this has a didl hlac grey ground colour in basal and 

 postmechan areas, with the median area and the terminal more diffusely dull rufous brown; the inner and 

 outer lines and the reniform stigma filled up with lilac grey; the subterminal pale preceded by brownish 

 shading; hindwing olive brownish; head and thorax violet -grey; pectus and legs paler but strongly tinged 

 with violet; anal tufts fulvous. Larva greenish, with a double reddish dorsal line and yellow spiracular 

 line; spiracles black; head pale brown; on grasses. Throughout Europe, in Asia Minor and Armenia, 

 Turkestan, Kashmir, W. China, and Japan. 



P. moderata Ev. (40 h). Forewing olive drab, suffused with dark fuscous in the basal and median moderuta. 

 areas and also in the terminal except at apex; the costa and inner margin and the veins dusted with pale 

 grey; inner and outer lines double, blackish, conversely dentate on the veins; a black streak along sub- 

 median fold between inner and outer lines, and a slighter one on inner margin near base; claviform small, 

 black-edged; orbicular broader and larger than in secalis, with pale annulus and black outline; reniform 

 with outer edge narrowly paler, never white; interval between outer and submarginal line uniformly olive 



