2&4 PORPHYRINIA. By W. Warren. 



griseata. with pearl grey, = ab. griseata ab. nov. (51 e). A widely spread species, occurring throughout S. Europe; in 

 Morocco, Algeria, and Egypt; in Camiola, Carinthia, Galicia, Rumelia, Bithynia, Taurus, Syria, Pontus, 

 Armenia, Persia, Turcomania, and in India. The larva of ab. rubefacta is said to feed in the flowers and 

 seed heads of Inula niontana and viscosa and Centaurea calcitrapa in October and November; probably a second 

 brood. 



nochialis. P. noctualis Hbn. (=paula Hbn.) (51 e). Forewing white dusted with olive grey; the lines and shad- 



ing olive; inner line marked only by a small costal spot; median shade oblique inwards and straight, follow- 

 ed by a diffuse grey cloud, below the middle generally becoming dull orange and edged with dark lines; outer 

 line dark grey, angled outwards on veins 6 and 4, preceded by a white line ; outer area olive grey, traversed 

 by a faint pale submarginal line; a darker spot at apex; fringe white and olive grey; hindwing grey, 

 paler at base; the fringe white; the forms with clear white undusted thorax and base of forewings are separa- 

 albobasalis. ted as ab. albobasalis Spul. Larva pale green ; the dorsal and subdorsal lines white ; tubercles black, fine ; spiracles 

 white ringed with deep yellow ; head blackish ; thoracic plate brownish yellow, with two black dots in front ; 

 feeds in May and June on Helichrysum arenarium, eating into the stems, and pupating on the ground be- 

 tween the roots. Widely distributed in Europe, occurring as far north as Sweden, Esthland, and Denmark and 

 southwards to the Mediterranean and S. Russia; also in Armenia, Taurus, Kurdistan, Mardin, and Ussuri. 



wagneri. P. wagneri H. Sch. (51 e). Forewing yellowish white, tinged in outer half withJilac grey; median 



line oblique, incurved to costa, preceded by an inwardly diffuse fulvous or olive brown shade and externally 

 white-edged; the pale band beyond it often filled to above middle with powdery lilac grey scaling, which in middle 

 encroaches on and interrupts the outer line; this line is only distinct above inner margin where it is followed 

 by a short fulvous band; terminal area lilac grey, the submarginal line obscure, marked externally with black 

 dots; a dark, fulvous-mixed apical streak; a row of dark terminal spots; fringe white lined with olive grey; 



ochreola. hindwing pale grey, darker towards termen, darker in $ than in <$; ab. ochreola Stgr., (possibly the summer 

 brood) (51 e), has the forewing more unicolorous, owing to the greater development of the grey scaling. Occurs 

 in Asia Minor, Pontus, Taurus; in Syria, and Armenia. 



candidana. P. candidana F. (= minuta Hbn., perlana Hbn.-G., parva Dwp. nee Hbn.) (51 e). Forewing white, the 



shadings chestnut brown ; viz.; an oblique uniformly broad median band and the terminal area beyond outer 

 line, which is invaded below middle by a white tooth-shaped projection from the pale interval ; terminal area beyond 

 the obscure submarginal line greyer and paler; a white costal patch before apex; fringe grey; hindwing 

 impura. grey, paler at base; — ab. impura Stgr. ( = candidana Led. p. 232 nee F., cantabrica Bossl.) (51 e) has the 

 skafiota. pale spaces filled with grey and the brown tints duller ; theab. skafiota H. Sch. (51 e) (queried as the summer brood) 

 is smaller and paler, the markings yellow brown or ochraceous, the median band less concise and obsolete be- 

 fore costa, the hindwing wholly white. Larva pale yellow with grey dorsal and subdorsal lines ; head shining 

 black; thoracic plate red, bisected by a pale line; on Helichrysum. Found in Spain and S. France; also in Ar- 

 menia and Ferghana; impura from W. France and Bilbao; skafiota from Crete, Armenia, Mardin. In the Tring 

 Museum are examples of the last from Andalusia andDigne, Basses Alpes; in the last locality all three forms 

 were taken together in the latter half of June, 1908, by the Hon. W. Rothschild and Dr. K. Jordan. 



rectifastia. P. rectifascia de Joann. Differs from candidana by the absence of the oblique median band between 



inner and median lines ; the inner line is slightly angled outwards below costa, then vertical. Britany, N. France. 

 Candidana is a southern insect. 



viridula. P. viridula Guen. (= minuta Frr. nee Hbn., dalmatina H. Sch., elychrysi H. Sch. f. 250) (51 e). Dif" 



fers from candidana in the ground colour being duller, greenish white ; the oblique median band and outer area 

 pale olive grey green instead of brown ; the base of both folds slightly streaked with grey ; hindwing of $ dark 

 grey, of <J whitish, greyer towards termen. In Carinthia, Croatia, Dalmatia, Greece, and ? Italy; also in Ar- 

 menia and Bithynia. 



elychrysi. P. elychrysi Rmb. (51 e). Differs from viridula in the shadings being dark olive green; the median 



band twice as broad, and swollen at each end ; the basal area with a large rounded patch from costa to submedian 

 fold; the pale band beyond middle pointed at costa; the fringe greenish, the outer half pale chequered with 

 dark; hindwing grey. Corsica, Sardinia, and, slightly modified, in Central Italy. Larva brownish green with 

 the dorsal line darker, having a whitish band on each side and darker shading beyond; feeds in April and May 

 and again in July in spun together flowers of Helichrysum angustifolium. 



permixta. P. permixta Stgr. Forewing dirty greenish grey, in places with an admixture of brown ; a concise white 



line beyond middle, angled externally on vein 6, inwardly brownish-tinged and outwardly followed by a dark 

 shading; submarginal line faint, forming 3 blunt teeth externally, and containing below costa two black spots 

 superimposed; hindwing grey, with traces of line on inner margin. Described from a single $ from Chellala, 

 Algeria; recorded also from Capri, Italy. 



hansa. P. hansa H. Sch. (52 a). Forewing pale straw colour ; the median line (nearly straight), the outer line, 





