316 



EPHESIA. Bv W. Warren. 



emmens. 



separuna. 



davidi. 



inconstans. 



deep yellow, with a curved black median band broadened on vein 5: terminal bonier black with the inner 

 edge irregular, containing large yellow patches at apex and on submedian interval. Described from Simla in 

 the Punjab, N. India, but since taken in Kashmir; a large species. 



E. eminens Stgr. (63d). Forewing grey dusted with blackish, with a large black triangular costal blotch 

 beyond middle; inner line forming three long curves outwards and deeply dentate on vejns, dark brown inwardly 

 edged with pale fawn colour; outer line strongly dentate, forming the limit of the dark blotch above the middle; 

 subterminal line slightly curved, followed by a series of black blotches in the intervals: reniform stigma obsolete; 

 hindwing deep yellow: the terminal border broad, its inner edge forming a sinus at middle, then two shallow 

 curves to inner margin; median band broad, projecting towards sinus of border, meeting a dark streak from base 

 on submedian fold: the yellow areas small by comparison with the black. From the Ussuri district, Amurland. 



E. separans Leech. Allied to duplicata, but the black outer line is more strongly angulated and produced 

 below the costa, and the toothlike projection above inner margin is of greater length: below the reniform 

 stigma there is a conspicuous white spot, outlined in black: hindwing with the median black band curved 

 instead of angulated, and abruptly cut short at vein 1. instead of reaching inner margin; the terminal black 

 border shews a scalloped inner edge. Described from 2 examples from Japan, taken at Nagahama and 

 Fushiki respectively. 



E. davidi Oberth. Forewing grey with a brown tinge at base, along termen, and on median shade ; 

 the lines dark and fine; inner line nearly vertical, outcurved in the intervals, inwardly dentate on veins; outer 

 line angled at vein 6, then dentate and slightly oblique inwards; reniform stigma obscure: spot beneath paler, 

 with dark outline; subterminal line pale, slightly curved; hindwing golden yellow; median band broad above, 

 where it runs to base, constricted and nearly interrupted at vein 5, then broadened and curved round to inner 

 margin, meeting two black streaks from base, one along submedian fold, the other close to inner margin: 

 terminal border broadly black, broken on submedian fold; fringe and apical patch yellow. N. China. 



E. inconstans Btlr. (56 g). Forewing ash grey, variegated with pale fuscous and brown ; the lines black; 

 the inner oblique, inangled on vein 1 ; the outer acutely bidentate on either side of vein 5, and strongly 

 inangled on vein 1: reniform stigma large, with dark centre, pale grey ring, and black outline; spot below it 

 large, triangular, edged with black, ochreous grey, sometimes whitish: hindwing orange yellow; the inner 

 margin below cell olive fuscous; median black band swollen at costa and beyond cell where it projects roundly 

 outwards; the black terminal border with sinuous inner edge; a large yellow apical spot, small yellow spots 

 on termen in the intervals, and a long shallow spot across submedian interval. Described from the Punjab, 

 but found also in Kashmir. 



rutha. E. rutha Wilem. Forewing pale bluish grey, with pale ochreous patches round the reniform; the lines 



black; inner line inwardly toothed on median and submedian veins, outwardly lunulate, preceded by a black 

 band; outer line black, serrate, without the two more prominent teeth of connexa, followed by a rusty black 

 band interrupted by an ochreous patch below middle: subterminal line pale grey, denticulate, followed by a 

 similar black line: median line dentate, distinct; reniform stigma lunular, the centre dark, ringed with ochreous 

 and outlined with black; hindwing yellow; a black stripe along submedian fold from base; median black band 

 thick, elongate, curved round to meet that on submedian fold; terminal border black, broad to vein 2, with 

 the inner edge irregularly denticulate and touching (or nearly so) the median band, quite narrow between 

 vein 2 and tornus, before which it is upcurved to touch the band on submedian fold; apical blotch, terminal 

 spots, and fringe yellow. Described from a ? from Yoshino, Yamato, Japan; distinguished from connexa by 

 the more variegated median area of forewing; the less pronounced angulation of outer line, and broad 

 band beyond it. 



nymphaea. E. nymphaea Esp. (=vestalis Hbn.-G., conjux Frr. (57 a b). Forewing whitish or pale grey, more or 



less entirely suffused with olive fuscous sprinkled with bluish white scales; the paler spaces restricted to costal 

 half of median area on each side of the median shade; inner line black, thick, inwardly dentate on veins, 

 preceded by a dark line; outer line black, obliquely curved from subcostal vein to the angle above vein 5, 

 then lunulate dentate, and deeply inangled on vein 1, followed by a dark shade which on cosla forms a black 

 blotch; subterminal line pale, outwardly dark-edged: a black festooned terminal line; the base of the blackish 

 fringe prominently white: reniform stigma obscured by the dark fascia following median shade; on the contrary, 

 t be black-edged spot below it always white and conspicuous, and generally the space in cell immediately preceding 

 it; hindwing deep yellow, with a black median band, squarely bent at middle and rounded on submedian fold ; 

 a dark shade from base along this fold and another along inner margin; terminal border broadly black at 

 apex, its inner edge straight from costa to vein 4, with a patch of yellow at apex, and interrupted, or nearly 



kashmirica. so, on submedian interspace; — in a form from Kashmir — subsp, kashmirica snbsp. nor. (57b) the whole 



