EPHESIA. By W. Warren. 319 



E. mirifica Btlr. 1,56 g). Forewing pale pearl grey; the inner lino marked by a black costal spol, and mirifica. 

 traceable across the wing by the darker edges, outcurved between subcostal vein and vein 1; the apical half 

 of costa occupied by a cloudy brownish blotch reaching to vein 4; in this blotch the upper portion of the 

 black outer line with its projecting teeth is clearly marked, and the pale waved subterminal line is visible 

 throughout; the reniform stigma is marked merely as a dark blotch; hindwing clear bright yellow; the median 

 black band narrow, sharply angled on subiuedian fold, and meeting on vein 1 a dark blurred streak from 

 base; terminal border broadly black, enclosing a yellow apical blotch and abruptly stopping below vein 2, 

 followed by an isolated oval black spot before anal angle; fringe yellow. This species is found only in Japan. 



E. largetaui Oberth. (57 d in ab. erroneously largetami). Closely allied to mirifica, but certainly distinct; largetaui. 

 the ground colour of forewing is darker grey, suffused with olive brown shading in basal area before inner line, 

 beyond the median shade and outer line, and along inner and outer margins, forming here in some cases a, 

 continuous dark blotch; the lines are all more distinct; the reniform stigma is small, obliquely placed, brown, 

 with a straight black inner edge; in the hindwing the yellow is darker, the median band much broader, and 

 usually more bluntly angled or rounded on submedian interval. This form occurs in Amurland and China. 

 In consequence of the general darker coloration the apical dark blotch is much less conspicuous. 



E. fulminea Scop. (= paranyinpha L.) (57 d). Forewing whitish grey, ochreous grey, or lilac grey, the fulmineu. 

 basal area smoky olive fuscous, darker outwardly; the inner line forming a thick straight black bar from costa 

 to submedian fold, then waved and thinner; outer line black, strongly biangulate on each side of vein 5, 

 insinuate to below reniform, bluntly projecting externally above and below vein 1, and strongly inangled upon 

 it. followed by a brown and then a pale shade; submarginal line hardly visible; an irregular brown cloud on 

 termen below apex; reniform stigma narrow, with brown central lunule and grey lateral edges, externally 

 followed by velvety black scaling, which is sometimes produced along the veins to outer line; the area beyond 

 and below it diffusely olive brown; hindwing yellow, with a curved black median band, nearly, sometimes 

 quite, met by a blackish streak from base along submedian fold; terminal border black, interrupted on submedian 

 interval and bearing a yellow patch at apex; — the form protonympha Bsd. (57 d), from the neighbourhood fl™"/^ 

 of Paiis and S. France, is paler, especially at base of forewing; the median band of hindwing narrower and 

 the submedian streak from base reduced; the yellow ground colour paler; -- the subsp. xarippe Btlr. (57 d), xwrippe. 

 from Amurland and Japan, has the black markings of hindwing intensified, the terminal border hardly interrupted; 

 the median band more strongly shouldered at vein 4; the apex whiter; the wdiole insect larger; -- subsp. 

 koreana Stgr. on the contrary is a small form with the inner line of forewing curved, the hindwing without koreana. 

 any submedian shade. Occurs throughout Central Europe, except Holland and Britain, in N. Russia and N. 

 Italy; the Ural and Altai Mts. in Asia; the Ussuri district, Amurland, Japan, and Corea. Larva ash grey or 

 dark brown, with prominent brown tubercles; the hump on segment 9 developed into a long brown pointed 

 horn: on the 5 th as well as on the 12 th segment the hind pair of tubercles are lengthened into prominent 

 points; head with black ring; feeding on plum, sloe, pear, oak, and whitethorn, preferring especially the old 

 trees and bushes. 



E. columbina Leech (56 d). Forewing pale dove-grey, suffused with bluish slate colour in basal and columbina. 

 terminal areas and along inner margin; inner and outer lines black, conversely edged with whitish; the inner 

 thickly black on costa and at inner margin, oblique and wavy; the outer bidentate above and below vein 6, 

 then zigzag to inner margin: inangled and filled up with black on vein 1, followed at costa by a dusky shade; 

 two dark clouds at termen on each fold; reniform stigma obscure, blackish, with a paler triangular spot below 

 it, grey with dark outline; a dusky transverse median shade; a row of black white-tipped lunules along termen; 

 hindwing yellow, with black median band and terminal border; the former curved below the median vein and 

 confluent with a black longitudinal streak on submedian fold; the terminal border is broadest at apex, and 

 contracted at submedian fold; some yellow scaling on termen at apex and below vein 2. Recorded from 

 Omei-shan in W. China and Changyang in Central China. 



E. invasa Leech. Forewing grey, suffused and shaded with brownish: inner and outer lines black; invasa. 

 the inner oblique, slightly waved, obtusely angled on vein 1 : the outer bidentate on vein 6, acutely inangled 

 on vein 1, and deeply sinuous inwards above 2 to below reniform stigma : the stigma outlined with black, and 

 the veins black beyond it to outer line; an interrupted black line before fringe, which is intersected towards 

 apex by black streaks: hindwing yellow, with black markings as in mirifica Btlr., but the median band is more 

 curved, and the longitudinal streak broader; in the ? the basal, area of forewing is darker, strongly contrasting 

 with the paler median area. Like the last species an inhabitant of Central and Western China. 



E. aestimabilis Stgr. (56ej. Forewing pale fawn colour, shaded below median vein with olive fuscous; aestimabilis. 

 costa with oblique black streaks, the lines all interrupted subcostally; veins throughout pale ; inner line double, 

 regularlv outcurved, broken at the veins: outer line black, strongly angled outwardly near termen beneath 



