PHYTOMETRA. By W. Warren. 347 



S. circumflexa /.. (= daubei Frr. nee Bsd., graphica K-Sck, patefacta Walk.) (64c). Forewing grey, circumflexa. 

 suffused with fuscous in median and terminal areas; inner and outer lines pale, double, [with dark brown 

 centre: the inner oblique inwards below middle, obscure above; the outer, also oblique, irregularly lunulate 

 dentate, slightly mangled on vein 2 and the fold below it, followed by a pale grey band which broadens 

 towards costa; subterminal line irregularly dentate and flexuous, preceded by a dark fuscous shade and black 

 wedge shaped marks; stigmata pale grey, with lirst dark, then pale lustrous outlines; median vein pale; the 

 subcellular mark broad, bent at rigid angles in middle, its centre pale brown, edged lirst with dark, then 

 with whitish yellow; hindwing smoky brown, with broad blackish terminal border. In Europe restricted to 

 the South East, Dalmatia, S. Russia, the Ural Mts.; also in Asia. Minor, Syria, N. Persia, the Altai Mis., Ala 

 Tan Mts. Samarlaud, Hi, and Issyk-Kul. 



4. Genus: Phytometra Hmo. 



Tongue present; frons smooth, with a short tuft of hair; palpi upcurved, the second segment rough 

 sealed, the terminal shorter; antennae in a 71 typically shortly ciliated or merely pubescent, in a few (African) 

 cases only pectinated; head rough scaled; prothorax strongly crested; abdomen with strong dorsal crests, 

 and with more or less developed lateral tufts in the cf, in which sex the anal tufts also are usually well 

 developed; legs sometimes long and very brittle; tibiae without spines; tarsi in a few cases with the basal 

 segment armed with a vertical row of very fine even spinous hairs; forewing with apex prominent, lermen 

 obliquely sinuous, the anal angle with a tooth of scales; either decorated with patches of metallic suffusion, 

 or with the stigmata metallic. Larva without prolegs on segments 7 and 8; the head and thoracic segmenls 

 small: green in colour; feeding on various low plants; hybernating small, and feeding up in spring; pupating 

 in a loosely spun cocoon beneath the shelter of the leaves of the food plant. Type P. festucae L. 



Sect. III. Antennae of cf 1 ciliated. 



P. festucae L. (64 c). Forewing deep golden brown, with a golden metallic sheen at base of costa, festucae. 

 on inner margin of median area, and on an oblique patch before apex; lines' all oblique, dark brown; veins 

 dark brown; at base of vein 2 a large silvery rounded blotch, with a smaller, more elongate, one beyond it; 

 the lowest streak of the apical blotch, below vein 6, and a spot at base of costa are also silvery; hindwing 

 bronzy fuscous, with pinkish fringe. Larva green; dorsal line dark green, edged with white; subdorsal and 

 lateral lines white; spiracular yellowish; head green; feeds on various marsh grasses: Typha, Carex, Festuca, 

 Glyceria, etc.; pupating in a whitish cocoon on the underside of a blade of grass, doubled over for the 

 purpose, Throughout Europe; in W. Asia; throughout Central and Eastern Asia. 



P. festata Graes. (= putnami Stgr. nee Grote) (64 d). Rather smaller than average festucae; distinguished festaia. 

 by the decidedly paler hindwings, with a grey median line and subterminal band; the fringe pale yellow; in 

 the ab. conjuncta ah. nov. (64 d) the two golden blotches of the forewing are confluent; in another form, — conjuncta. 

 ab. major ab. nov. (64c), — larger than the average festucae, the whole forewing is much more extensively major. 

 pale golden yellow, with the hindwings pale and the golden blotches separate. Occurs in Japan, Corea, and 

 E. Siberia, where it takes the place of festucae. 



P. barbara spec. nov. (64 d). Forewing yellow sprinkled with fiery orange, without any metallic gloss, barbara. 

 except on the two central blotches and the apical streak; the inner of the blotches forms an equilateral 

 triangle, its apex reaching middle of cell, its outer angle rounded; the black dot above vein 6 is strongly 

 expressed: the whole wing without the dark suffusion of festucae; hindwing with a narrow pale space along 

 termen. Described from a ? from Mazagan, Morocco, captured in July 1903, by Riggenbach, and now in 

 Tring Museum. In size rather smaller than average festucae. 



P. bractea F. (' = securis Vill.) (64 d). Forewing purplish fuscous with many fine dark strigulae; the bractea. 

 lines finely dark but indistinct, inwardly oblique; the inner line below middle finely golden, the outer golden 

 at inner margin only; median area below middle ferruginous brown, containing at base of vein 2 a large 

 irregular somewhat sinuous shining golden blotch; a deeper diffuse shade from apex to middle; hindwing dull 

 bronzy yellowish tinged with fuscous; the terminal area diffusely deep fuscous. Larva pale green; dorsal 

 and spiracular lines white; head pale green marked with brown; feeding on various low plants, such as 

 Hieracium, Leontodon, Plantago, Tussilago, Eupatorium, and Urtica. A local species but widely spread; 

 occurring in Scotland, Ireland, North England, Finland, Denmark, the Baltic provinces of Russia, North 

 Germany, the Alps, Hungary, Galicia, Rumania, the Rukowina, S. Russia, the Ural Mts.; also in Armenia, the 

 Altai Mts., Thian Shan Mts., Amurland, and Japan. The golden blotch varies from a subquadrate, somewhat 

 anvil-shaped mark to an elongate, sinuous, tongue-shaped one. 



