39 



then conclude that the ice during the ice-age had its outermost 

 limit at Bay's locality 1), then during its retreat, it remained 

 for a longer period over the tract occupied by the deposits 

 represented by the samples 1 — 3 of this expedition, and finally 

 retreated very quickly across the inner tract. This is the only 

 probable explanation of the strange phenomenon that samples 

 I — 3 are much coarser than those obtained from the inner 

 tract. This evidence is however only based on the inference 

 that drifting ice only deposits a very small amount of material 

 in such localities as these, for the moraine formations would 

 otherwise very easily have been hidden. Morainic matter cannot, 

 like submarine rocks, continue for long periods to project from 

 the bottom of the sea, and maintain its influence on the 

 deposits. 



Samples No. 1 — 7 are otherwise of no special interest. 

 From the rather irregular shape of the curves for No. 1 and 3 

 can be directly seen, that their existence must be due to several 

 different causes. As, however, they consist in great part of the 

 morainic matter from the bottom of the sea which is itself of 

 a very irregular constitution, it is impossible to determine the 

 influence which other factors may have had upon them. The 

 curve of No. 4 is on the other hand of a much more regular 

 appearance, the whole giving the impression that it consists 

 of rather well-sorted material, most of the grains being between 

 V32 and ^64°™. The amount of the clayey ingredients is small 

 in proportion to that of the others. The extension of the curve 

 to the right, shows an influx of coarse material which is quite 

 independent of the chief bulk of the sample. Here the material 

 from the moraines at the bottom of the sea must be out of 

 the question, as these must have been covered by later depo- 

 sits. We must then suppose that these coarser ingredients 

 have been conveyed by icebergs, and we get thus directly from 

 the curve a good idea of the ratio between the two different 

 influences, that of the ice, and that of the land. The ice must 



