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distance of over 100 km from land, is covered by moraine layers 

 from an older period of much greater ice expansion than now; 

 these moraines are even still in some places said to be deter- 

 minative for the configuration of the sea-bottom, and the exi- 

 stence of a true terminal moraine is said to have been proved 

 by Ryder and Bay at li° 17' IN. and 15°20'W.M, from which 

 it bends "inwards along Hudson's Land", while at Franz Joseph 

 Fjord it again turns further seaward. If this view is correct, 

 the whole district in the ice age must have been covered with 

 a mighty mass of land-ice which, with a continuous front, as we 

 know it to-day only from South Polar regions, forced its way 

 far out to sea. The proof for these far-reaching conclusions 

 is found by Bøggild mainly in the very nature of the bottom 

 samples and in the just mentioned soundings of Ryder and 

 Amdrup off С Borlase Warren. 



It is open to no doubt that during a period of the ice age 

 the fjords were filled up to their mouths with tongues of ice 

 that possibly extended some way out to sea, where they gave 

 rise to icebergs which, as they melted, deposited their moraine 

 material on the sea-bottom to quite a different extent from to- 

 day. It is certainly surprising that this material has not been 

 covered since that time by newer layers, but on this score В øg- 

 gild s investigations seem to be conclusive. But from this it 

 is a long step to assume that a land-ice which was rather in- 

 dependent of the local topography of the country should have 

 covered the whole district far out to the sea, a supposition that 

 seems to me highly improbable from other points of view as well. 



From reasons I have just mentioned I consider it to 

 be probable that the greater part of Jameson Land was not 

 covered with ice even in the ice age. The topography of 

 Liverpool Land proves that no huge land-ice forced itself across 



•) I.e. circa 120 km off С Borlase Warren. The depth is here 127 Danish 

 fathoms, whereas Amdrup at 74° 18' N., 1,5° 25' \V , that is to say only 

 2'/t km farther west, nearer to the land, came upon 162 Danish fathoms. 



