Ethnological Sketch of the Angmagsalik Eskimo. 27 



thus been travelling 4 summers. In 1884—85 accordingly 42 persons 

 were wintering at Umivik. On the coast between Sermilik and Umivik 

 there was no one wintering that year. The total population in the 

 autumn of 1884 was thus 413 souls, if we assume that those who 

 went up north had died. Out of the 413 souls, 193 belonged to the 

 male sex and 220 to the female sex, or 114 women to every 100 

 men. (See "List of the Inhabitants of the East coast of Greenland" 

 in part III). 



The articles of trade are bear-skins, skins of harbour seals, and 

 implements of narwhal tusk, which are sold to the natives further 

 south to be taken to the West coast. They receive in exchange old 

 iron ware, hoops, and cast-ofï garments of European make, which 

 the people living further south have obtained bj^ barter from the 

 West coast. 



Physical characteristics. — The people of Angmagsalik are 

 of middle height, slenderly built, and well-proportioned. They have 

 an oval face, marked features with prominent noses, which in 

 general are regular and well-formed, though sometimes crooked. 

 Some have prominent cheek-bones and slightly oblique eyes and a 

 flat nose. The mouth is powerful, often somewhat protruding and 

 with rather narrow lips. The teeth are small, of uniform size and 

 well set, the teeth of the upper jaw fitting exactly onto the 

 teeth in the lower jaw; but they decay prematurely, and the teeth 

 of old people are worn off right down to the gums. As to their 

 eyes, the colour of the iris is dark brown. The colour of the hair 

 is black or black-brown. The men have thick, glossy, coarse and 

 abundant hair, which as a rule is worn long, never being cut. We 

 have never seen anyone who was bald, and only a few old people 

 whose hair was greyish-white. The hair of the women is very 

 thick, and finer, but also shorter, than that of the men. The growth 

 of hair in other parts of the body, loo, is pretty luxuriant. The 

 men have sometimes rather лvell-developed beards, the young men, 

 however, generally pull out the hairs of the beard. They have also 

 hair in the arm-pits, sometimes on the breast and arms as well, 

 and both sexes have hairy pubes. 



The people of Angmagsalik have a large rounded breast; 

 the neck and nape are well-formed. The neck looks short 

 on account of the well -developed breast. The belly is well- 

 formed and not very prominent. The navel is large, a natural 

 consequence of the primitive way in which the navel-string 

 is cut. The women's breasts are often pointed and begin to 

 droop at an early age. The arms are finely developed, but 



