34 G. Holm. 



Their costume when at home consists merely of a head-band, 

 necklace, and natit. 



The small beads just spoken of consist of the vertebrae af ang- 

 magsat, of which some are undyed, while others are dyed with 

 blood (fig. 349). The beads are so small that it requires a magni- 

 fying-glass to see what they are made of. Larger beads are made 

 sometimes of stone, especially of a green stone from Kujutilik, 

 sometimes of the teeth of seals or the small bones in a fox's foot. 

 Now-a-days they often wear glass beads, which the natives obtain 

 from the West coast; but it is only the tiny beads, no bigger than 

 angmagsat vertebrae, which they set a value on. 



The women are as a general rule comparatively cleanly, and 

 always have their hair beautifully done up. The men are more 

 dirty and sloventy. All washing, whether of hair and skin or of 

 clothes, is done in urine tubs. The combs are often admirably 

 carved in bone or ivory (figs. 331, 333). 



Children's dress. — As long as the children are carried 

 out-of-doors, in the hood on their mother's back, their dress 

 consists merely of a long frock. When they are too old to be car- 

 ried on the back, their dress is like that of the grow4i-ups, only 

 without natit, and the girls have no head-dress. (Figs. 21, 25, 28 

 and 310). 



Dress making and skin dressing. — The skins for the clothes 

 are dressed in urine tubs, and they are softened by being rubbed, 

 stretched, and scraped with stone or bone (skin-scrapers: figs. 223 

 to 228). The teeth are an important instrument in the preparation 

 of the skins, as they hold the skins in their teeth, while they are 

 being scraped and stretched. 



The clothes are sewed with iron needles and sinew thread. 

 Needles are first cut out of pieces of iron hoops, and are then ham- 

 mered lying on a stone, with a stone-hammer (figs. 215 to 217). 

 Some needles are of brass. The eye of the needle is made with a 

 very fine iron point fixed in a handle (figs. 232 and 235). It is 

 bored from both sides by a turning movement of the hand and 

 even pressure. The needle, having been hammered out once more 

 and ground on a stone, is then ready for use. They have needles 

 of all sizes, ranging from ver}' large flat needles for kaiak moun- 

 tings to very fine embroidering-needles, in which one can barely 

 see the eye (fig. 233). All the needles, except the very large ones 

 just spoken of, are rectangular. The making of needles is a wo- 

 men's occupation. 



