Contributions to tlie Anthropology of the East Greenlanders. 



163 



Knud Poulsen's measurements gave quite a similar result, and 

 this coincidence in the results of two independent observations on 

 an isolated tribe is of the greatest interest to anthropology, as it 

 shows the great stability of the characteristic features despite con- 

 siderable variability in individual cases. 



In the accompanying table the cephalic index of the head has 

 been given side by side with its greatest length and greatest breadth 

 according to these two series of measurements, which were carried 

 out at an interval of fourteen years on different groups of individuals, 

 Poulsen having measured subjects who had not previously been 

 measured by Holm. 







Men 



Women 





Aver- 

 age 



Max. 



Min. 



Aver- 

 age 



Max. 



Min. 



Greatest length 

 of the head 



G. Holm 1884—85 



K. Poulsen 1898—99.. . 



192 

 192 



201 

 205 



185 

 181 



187 

 184 



195 



193 



178 

 178 



Greatest breadth 

 of the head 



G. Holm 1884-85 



К. Poulsen 1898—99. .. 



147 

 147 



157 

 156 



140 

 142 



141 

 140 



153 



146 



131 

 134 



Cephalic 

 index 



G. Holm 1884—85 



К. Poulsen 1898—99. . . 



76-9 

 76-5 



84-2 

 80-2 



71-8 

 73-2 



75-6 



75-7 



81-2 

 78-9 



69-9 

 72-0 



The remaining measurements have reference mainly to the parts 

 of the face, and are as follows: breadth of zygomatic arch, breadth 

 of lower jaw, height of face, and breadth and height of nose. 



These measurements have resulled in the determination of a 

 index gonio-zygomaticus, an index facialis, and an index nasalis, 

 the last of which I shall deal with first, not because I attach most 

 importance to it, but because it possesses a certain technical 

 interest. 



The height and breadth of the nose has been measured in 43 

 subjects from the northern part of the East coast, and gives an aver- 

 age index of 62-8, according to which the Greenlanders must be 

 designated as very narrow-nosed (leptorrhine). This result, however, 

 does not accord with the accounts commonly given as to the shape 

 of the Eskimo nose, nor with Knud Poulsen's investigations, accord- 

 ing to which the nasal index must be put at circa 72; but this 

 divergence is due to the difference in the methods employed. A 

 careful examination of the figures shows that the difference between 



