1 74 Søren Hansen. 



living East Greenlanders, I shall confine myself to a few remarks 

 on the measurements taken. 



The total length of the face has been measured from the chin 

 to the centre of the upper tangent common to the two eye-sockets, 

 thus setting a fixed mathemathical point in place of the indefinite 

 glabella. 



The two components of the total length, the height of the 

 lower jaw and the height of the face taken in a narrow sense — 

 i. e. from the edge of the upper incisor teeth — have often 

 proved impossible of measurement, and the latter has therefore been 

 supplemented by the height from the alveolar arch, which indeed 

 ought to claim greater interest. 



As for the transversal measurements, the breadth of the lower 

 jaw is, for the reason above mentioned, entireh^ missing, but it has 

 been partially replaced by the distance between the centres of the 

 articular surfaces on the temporal bones, which at the same time 

 gives a cross measurement from the base of the skull. The greatest 

 width over the zygomatic arches and the three other cross measurements 

 all refer to the cheek-bone; the bijugal breadth has been measured 

 at the angle between its frontal and temporal process, the external 

 biorbital breadth at the outer end of the suture which unites it 

 with the frontal bone, and the maximal bimaxillar breadth at 

 the nethermost outward end of the processus zygomaticus of the 

 upper jaw-bone. 



I have only given one single ratio between the length and 

 breadth of the face, viz. the general facial index, which corre- 

 sponds to the above-mentioned facial index on living persons, and 

 which on an average is 93" 1. 



The height and breadth of the eye-sockets is on an average 

 34-8 and 39-9 respectively. The index is 87-2. The height of the 

 nose from the spina nasalis inferior to the root of the nose and its 

 greatest breadth in the apertura pyriformis, 51-5 and 2Г5 respect- 

 ively, gives a nasal index of 41 7 with a minimum of 345 in 

 No. 13, which accordingly has the smallest nose hitherto known on 

 any skulP). Both these features once again mark out the East 

 Greenlanders as the Eskimo race which is furthest removed from 

 the cognate races, the Mongols and the Americans proper. 



The length of the palate and its greatest breadth gives an average 

 index of 781, which is considerably greater than in other Eskimo 



'i Topinard : Anthropologie géncnile p. 2\)'à. — Capt;iin Rydhh has now 

 brough 

 of Xii) 



brought liome an Eskimo skull tVom North Greenland witii a nasal index 



