428 W. Thalbitzer 



lying close together on the upper side of the head, none on the other side. 

 Л, the two holes are here bored as in e and /", but both lie in the longitudinal 

 line of the body (between point and socket). On the under side a counter- 

 sinking, on the other a short, shallow line-groove behind (below) each of 

 the holes. — e, /", g and Л, all have a band of iron nailed across from the 

 one edge to the other just above the basal socket, to strengthen the bone, 

 which natural!}' must have a very thin wall here and be inclined to split. 

 Fig. 131 г has, in addition, an iron band, which lies longways from the 

 socket upwards and is attached Ьл^ two rivets, a sinew-thread being wound 

 round the whole of the butt end. The line-hole is on one side and strongly 

 bent. There is a barb on the front part. — Fig. 131./ has an almost quadri- 

 lateral body in section. The under side is nearly flat and has a midridge, 

 which divides into two lines and runs out into the two separate basal barbs. 

 The bell}' (upper side) is convex and not so broad as the other side, rather 

 narrowing towards the base. The line-holes are bilateral (straight and in the 

 same plane as the blade). 



Fig. 131 Л" is a smaller toggle head of the kind used in the seal hunting 

 on the ice (nipparteq) at the breathing hole of the seal. The uppermost part 

 of the harpoon line is fixed as in the figure, not only in this kind of har- 

 poon toggle, but in 'all cases. Every harpoon head is always attached in 

 such a loop, the end being bent through the line-hole (or holes) and fastened 

 a little way down on the line. 



Fig. 132 is a specially large harpoon head from the '^dead house" at 

 Nualik. It was found with the wooden guard or cap attached which is seen 

 on the point of the blade, probably a unique find from Greenland. In the 

 West Eskimo districts outside Greenland the use of sheaths (of skin or wood) 

 for the harpoon heads is very common^). The guard found here is a small 

 wooden knob, oval in section and pointed at the top. The blade is of iron, 

 wedged into a deep groove Ъу means of smaller pieces of iron on each side 

 (iron blades are almost always fixed in this way). Further, there is a trans- 

 verse iron nail through the blade and groove. The body is composed of 

 three bone pieces, two of them covering the whole upper side of the head, 

 very skilfully fitted and inset within the margin of the depression. Л little 

 further down we find the two openings of the curved line-hole. Lowest 

 down on the same side is seen an oblong, four-sided plate of copper nailed 

 fast near the edges of the body to keep the inset bone cover in its place 

 and strengthen the shaft socket. The whole bodj^ is flattened, but so that 

 the upper side is flat, the under side convex. 



Fig. 133 a is a toggle head of bone, with flat under side and convex 

 upper side; the line-holes are almost lateral in their position. The shaft 

 socket as usual in a convex hollow in the base. — Fig. 133 с ; towards the basal 

 barb there are four small holes, used for a lashing round this part of the 

 bod5^ — Figs. 133 e and f have blades of bone with bevelled, sharp edges and 

 finely smoothed sides. — Fig. 133.(7 h^s an iron point and iron bands both 

 below round the lower part to strengthen the shaft socket and higher up 

 lengthwise between the blade and the line-holes. There is an indication, 

 that the head has once been provided with lateral barbs towards the point. 



Fig 134 a shows a toggle head used in the sealing at the breathing hole 

 in the ice (nipparteq) and 134 c a toggle head for the two-men seal hunting 

 on thick ice (illuartin), the latter seen from above, which is the reason why 

 tiie bevelling ol" the iron-edge is indistinct in the illustration. These are 

 interesting j)arallels to my illustrations of two quite similar harpoon heads 



1) Boas 1888) pp. 489—490; (1907) p. 399, fig. 196 (from Ighilik). 



