Ethnographical collections from East Greenland. 497 



ment; the blade (of slate?) is polished. All these blades have laint marks оГ 

 use on the edges. 



Fig. 205a is a loose polished blade (of slate) with single edge and broad 

 ridge, the shape resembling mostly that of an iilo or scraper, b is ])robably 

 the blade of a man's knife with a curved median ridge and two smooth broad 

 sides that meet in the sharp edges. — с is a rare kind of stone implement 

 consisting of a somewhat flat and leaf-shaped blade with convex sides, the 

 smooth middle part of which is furrowed towards the edges by converging 

 facets, showing the chipping of the stone. The upper part is thin with a 

 sharp edge, the lower thick with a blunt one. In its convex cutting edge 

 this blade very much resembles the kind of stone implements in which Sol- 

 berg finds the culmination of the Greenland stone art and which he com- 

 pares with the well-known woman's knife {iilo)^). He takes it for granted 

 that the upper convex edge has been the cutting edge while the thick one 

 has been inserted in the slit of a handle. It is in reality very probable that 

 this view is correct and that this implement is an ulo of the type mentioned, 

 a special sort of knife used in women's work. — Fig. d is the blade of a 

 stone saw (like fig. 204 6?), e the fragment of a knife-blade (or borer point?)^), 

 / (fragment) the end of an nlo blade? note the beatifully polished surface, 

 g a convex-edged scraper? also with a polished surface, the sharp edge 

 turned upwards (cf. Solberg, 1907, PI. 1). 



Figs. 206a and b are some diminutive stone-tools which probably like 

 many others of the loose stones have onlj' been kept in the box as some 

 kind of amulets. The}^ are reproduced with the sharp edges turned up- 

 wards, a has a convex surface with a depression caused by the chipping 

 of the one corner, the other side is nearly flat(?); ô is a slightly curved flake 

 of a transparent stone (rock-crystal?) with three facets on the convex surface. 

 In their arched and wrought upper side and the smooth, almost unwrought 

 under side as also in their size, which is not much smaller than the small- 

 est described by Solberg^), these stone objects resemble the convex-edged 

 scrapers from West Greenland described by this author. He is of opinion 

 that they have been inserted in hafts and used for making many of the 

 smaller utensils of wood and bone required for household and hunting 

 purposes in Greenland. Mj^ opinion is that thej^ must in the main be con- 

 sidered as skin-scrapers (for narrow strips of skin) and as having been used 

 for women's work. The form of fig. 206a is certainly that of a scraper*). 

 Very characteristic for these two East Greenland specimens is their minute 

 size though hardlj^ unique among Greenland stone-tools. They belong to the 

 pygmy implements of stone known from many lands and are assigned to 

 times long passed (e. g. the Neolithic period) but as to the use of them, we 

 have to be satisfied with conjectures. 



Fig. 207 shows a man's knife with a wooden haft. The edges of the 

 blade (slate?) are ground smooth. 



Figs. 208 a and b are probably two celts of hard stone to be inserted 

 into bone-hafts of adzes. At Dunholm in the north near the mouth of 

 Scoresby Sound, Amdrup found a large bone-head for such an adze, though 

 without stone-blade. From West Greenland we have several specimens of 



1) Solberg (1907) pp. 43—44; figs. 25—28. 



2) Id. ibid. PL 5, p. 47. 



3) Id. ibid. PI. 1, pp. 28—31. 



*) Compare the stone-blades of the large scrapers from the West Eskimo islands 



in the Bering Strait described by Murdoch (1892) pp. 294-299; figs. 289—298. 

 XXXIX. 32 



