Ethnographical collections from East Greenland. 507 



(pertaain) ; the thinnest of these are used for sewing boot soles, the 

 thickest for sewing the skins on kaiaks and umiaks. 



Technical names (besides the ones already mentioned): pikititcaq 

 or uleewia skin (West Greenland ameq skin, amia its skin); aamaqaaq 

 blubber (West Gr. orssoq) ; qapiartiijo scraping it; ma/^^fô^/i/jo scraping 

 it (on both sides); mikättiijo pulling the hairs out of it with the 

 teeth; paatertiijo stretching it; toolin pegs for the fastening of the 

 stretched skin; uluttiijo wringing it; qitilisartiijo softening it; salittiijo 

 scraping or cutting the hair off (with a knife); ilicertiijo scratching 

 pattern in it, cutting it out; mersertiijo sewing it; innertiijo stretching 

 the (bear's) skin in a frame for drying; inérpia the frame; uppalisaa 

 the bottom bar of the frame; sandrqisaak the two vertical side bars 

 of the frame; ertilisaak the two sloping bars of the frame (along 

 the head and shoulders of the skin); inneetaai the strings which 

 stretch the skin in the frame. 



Women's knives (cakkin, p. 35). — The types now in use show^ 

 great differences both in regard to hafts and blades. Firstly, the 

 haft may either be made all in one piece of bone, low and broad 

 (figs. 225 and 229) or high and narrow with a head-shaped dilata- 

 tion above (fig. 228) or instead a transverse handle (figs. 223 a and b) 

 or, what is characteristic and commonest at Ammassalik, it may 

 consist of three pieces, namely a hilt or head-haft of wood [kimät- 

 teetaa) with two arms of bone (neeluän 'its legs'); in the latter case 

 the blade itself (pilätteetumeeq) is fastened into slits in the arms 

 (figs. 225 a— f, 221a). Secondly, the hafted blades, which are either 

 of stone or iron (seldom bone), may be shovel-formed, i. e. concavo- 

 convex like that in fig. 229 (rare in Greenland) or quite flat with 

 straight surfaces. Thirdly, the scraping-edge may be either straight 

 (figs. 223 c — d, 229) or curved (crescent-shaped). It is highly prob- 

 able, that these characteristics indicate original difTerences in the 

 various sorts of scrapers. 



From West Greenland O. Solberg has mentioned various kinds of stone- 

 scrapers, assigned to different purposes. Examples from East Greenland of 

 stone-blades inserted into bone (ivory) or wooden hafts are seen in figs. 223 о 

 and b; a bone-blade is seen in fig. 229, and iron-blades in the other spec- 

 imens. The two knives in figs. 223 5^ and 2276 have qviite modern shapes, 

 the iron blade being actually of European manufacture. Amdrup found 

 several knives of this kind with European blades at Nualik (the "dead 

 house"); within the last 100 years they have obtained a wide distribution, not 

 only in Greenland but also in northernmost Canada^). A very beautiful and 

 characteristic specimen of a two-armed ulo with inserted stone-blade was 

 found in the north by Amdrup in a grave on the Skærgaard Peninsula-). 



1) Parry (1824) p. 504 (cf. fig 27); Boas (1888) p. 518, fig. 461. 



2) Amdrup (1909) p. 312. Thalhitzer (1909) pp. 378—379, fig. 13; and pp. 401— 4Ü5, 

 fig. 21. 



