xiii, b, 3 Boynton: Use of Organ Extracts 157 



This was done to expose the extracts to climatic conditions in the 

 same way that the extracts used by Doctors Leavitt and Decker 

 had been exposed. 



Two thousand cubic centimeters of this material were injected 

 into a Batanes bull that had recently recovered from rinderpest. 

 This animal developed an oedema similar to that developed by 

 the others. By massaging and giving a warm bath the oedema 

 had practically subsided by the fourth day. On the morning of 

 the fifth day after injection this animal could not rise to its feet, 

 but continued to ruminate and ate a little during the forenoon. 

 In the evening it was practically paralyzed and was found dead 

 the next morning. From the results obtained in this experiment 

 and those obtained by Doctors Leavitt and Decker it is evident 

 that by exposing these extracts to the climatic conditions existing 

 in the Philippines for a period of twenty-four hours they pass 

 through certain chemical changes, which are very detrimental 

 to animals receiving the extracts in large quantities. The exact 

 changes have not been determined, but they appear to be protein 

 decomposition or botulism toxin. 



We are doing further work on trying to eliminate the small 

 particles of tissue that pass through the gauze, by first filter- 

 ing the extract through gauze, then through a layer of cotton 

 (method similar to that used in filtering agar), and finally 

 passing it through filter paper. By this method we obtain 

 a slightly turbid, dark amber-colored liquid. A small Fuga bull 

 that recently recovered from rinderpest has been injected with 

 2,000 cubic centimeters of this material, which was kept in the 

 refrigerator up to the time of injection. This material caused 

 a much milder oedema, which practically subsided in two days, 

 and the animal suffered no apparent ill effects. There was a 

 slight elevation of temperature for two days, but the animal 

 continued to eat well and looked bright. 



conclusions 



1. Considering the results thus far obtained, it is evident that 

 tissue extracts from animals suffering with rinderpest are just 

 as potent as virulent blood when used in simultaneous immuni- 

 zation work. 



2. Any of the methods advocated for increasing the production 

 of virulent material can be utilized, after which the organs can 

 be extracted, thereby obtaining a much greater increase in 

 quantity. 



3. By using Martoglio's method and extracting the organs, the 

 output of virulent material is practically tripled. 



