264 The Philippine Journal of Science ms 



is responsible for a longer average duration of the disease, 

 namely, seven days. Case 12, for instance, was having almost 

 continuous bowel movements consisting of a few drops of pure 

 blood every few minutes. The patient was able to count only 

 large evacuations; he gave thirty-five as the number of evacua- 

 tions during twenty-four hours, which is probably five times less 

 than the actual number of bowel movements. 



Table IV presents cases treated with serum per rectum only. 

 All these cases were moderately severe. The average duration 

 of treatment was four days. 



Table V presents cases treated intravenously with serum. 

 These cases were all severe. Patients were able to count only 

 large evacuations, for they were passing stools consisting wholly 

 of blood almost continuously. The average duration of treat- 

 ment was five days. 



The serum per rectum was given in the following way: The 

 patient is in the knee-chest position. The injection of the serum 

 was preceded by a cleansing enema of 1.5 per cent solution of 

 sodium bicarbonate; this was followed by another enema of 

 starch solution with a few drops of tincture of opium (60 cubic 

 centimeters with 10 drops of tincture of opium) to diminish the 

 irritability to the intestine; a half hour later the serum was 

 given per rectum. The amount of serum used was from 30 to 

 50 cubic centimeters daily, depending upon the severity of the 

 case, although the serum can be frequently given without any 

 danger and in larger doses. 



The intramuscular administration of serum was done with 

 the usual aseptic precautions. Twenty cubic centimeters of the 

 serum were given twice a day, usually injected into the buttock. 

 Larger doses may be given, depending, of course, on the severity 

 of the case. Willmore advises the injection of 80 to 120 cubic 

 centimeters daily in desperate cases; (7) Lukis administers 20 

 cubic centimeters four times a day every six hours. (3) Bahr 

 emphasized the necessity of first cleansing the bowel by the use 

 of a saline purgative, preferably sodium sulphate, so as to 

 accelerate the repair of the ulcerated mucous membrane and 

 also to eliminate unabsorbed toxins, which are responsible for 

 the symptoms of collapse frequently met with in acute and 

 severe cases. 



Last of all is the use of serum by intravenous injection. It 

 was done by the closed method and under rigid asepsis. Usually 

 the median basilic vein was selected, being commonly prominent. 

 To avoid anaphylactic symptoms, one cubic centimeter of the 



