A STUDY OF ONE HUNDRED THIRTY-FIVE HUMAN EMBRYOS 

 AND FCETUSES COLLECTED IN THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 1 



By Edwaed S. Ruth 

 (From the Department of Anatomy, University of the Philippines) 



The human embryos figured in this publication were all secured 

 in the Philippine Islands, most of them from Manila and a few 

 from the surrounding provinces. Several of the specimens are 

 of European parentage and are so indicated ; all others are Fili- 

 pinos, belonging to the Malayan race. Beyer (2) divides the Fili- 

 pino people (exclusive of the Negritos) into four fundamental 

 types: Short and tall Mongol, Primitive Caucasian, and Indone- 

 sian. It will be of interest to see whether a numerical index can 

 be prepared to determine these types in the early stages of 

 development. 



The splendid embryological collection that is rapidly growing 

 has been made possible only by the cooperation that is being re- 

 ceived from the physicians and surgeons of the Philippine Is- 

 lands. I take this opportunity to thank all the physicians who 

 have generously donated material to promote the science of 

 embryology in the Philippine Islands. In the period of three 

 years almost one hundred fifty specimens have been col- 

 lected. Much is yet to be accomplished in the field of embryology, 

 and it is hoped that many more of the earlier stages of the 

 developing human embryo may be secured. 



The measurements of all specimens were taken immediately 

 after reaching our laboratory. The embryos are, as a rule, 

 sent to us in a fixing fluid, the larger ones in 10 per cent for- 

 malin, the younger ones in Bouin's fluid. 



The crown-rump and standing-height measurements are taken 

 according to Mall's method. All the smaller specimens are 

 weighed after being in the preserving fluid for some time, while 

 some of the larger foetuses are weighed in the fresh state. 



The menstrual age was obtained only in a limited number of 

 cases, and no definite conclusions can be drawn at this time as 

 to the size of the embryo for a definite age. However, there 

 seems to be a parallelism between the length of the Filipino 



1 Received for publication May 9, 1918. 



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