20 ACCOUNTS, &C, OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM. 



discovery of an immense drum, nearly entire, from one of the thirty-six calatcs columns 

 mentioned by Pliny, large fragments of two or more other drums, and a number of archi- 

 tectural marbles, all belonging to the Temple of Diana. The order of the Temple was, 

 as might have been expected, Ionic, presenting in its ornaments and details much 

 similarity with the architecture of the Mausoleum, and the Ionic temples at Priene and 

 Branchidte. 



I. The folloAving Architectural Marbles from the Temple of Diana have been received 

 from Ephesus in the course of the past year — 



1. The base drum and the base of a column of the peristyle, which was found in 

 position on the south side of the Temple. 



2. Fragment of another base drum of a column of the peristyle. 



3. A volute, and various fragments of capitals of Ionic columns. 



4. A very fine specimen of a capital from one of the columns of the peristyle. 



5. Many fragments of flutings and bases of the columns of the peristyle. 



6. Several fragments of torus moulding from base drums of columns, on which large 

 deeply-cut letters are inscribed. As Pliny states that each of the columns of the Temple 

 was the gift of a king, there is every probability that these letters are portions of dedica- 

 tory inscriptions. The letters in these inscriptions resemble in character those of the 

 dedication by Alexander the Great from the Temple at Priene, with which they are 

 probably contemporary, as the Ephesian Temple was rebuilt in his time. 



7. Three fragments of drums of Ionic columns, so much smaller in diameter than the 

 base drums of the peristyle that they probably belong to columns from the interior of the 

 Temple. These fragments are from the drum next the capital, and are ornamented with 

 a bead and reel moulding immediately below the upper joint. 



8. Part of the drum of a Doric column, with many flutes. Mr. "Wood discovered several 

 of these columns. He supposes that they suj)ported the marble pavement. 



9. A richly ornamented truss, from the architrave of a small doorway. 



10. Three marbles with enriched mouldings, which were found built into the masonry 

 of the Byzantine aqueduct at Aiasoluk, and which are evidently from the Temple of 

 Diana, although it has not yet been ascertained to what part of the architecture they 

 helong. 



11. Many fragments of bead and reel, and egg and tongue mouldings of various sizes. 

 On some of these, red colour is still fresh. 



12. A drum of one of the coelatcB coZwmzzffi mentioned by Pliny ; on one side is sculptured 

 in relief a group consisting of five figures, of whom one is Mercury, standing in an atti- 

 tude of attention : of the others, three are female figures and draped, while the fifth is a 

 naked youthful winged figure, girt with a sword ; nearly half the circumference is defaced. 

 These figures are six feet high. 



^t>^ 



13. Part of a drum from one of the calata coluvina, on which is sculptured in 

 relief a composition of four draped female figures, of whom two are represented standing, 

 and the rest seated. The heads of all these figures are unfortunately broken away. On 

 comparing this relief with that of the more complete sculptured drum (No. 12), it will be 

 seen that the torus moulding round the foot of the latter is wanting in the present frag- 

 ment. It seems probable, therefore, that this latter drum was not a base drum, but one 

 higher up in the ccRlata columna. 



On examining the copper coins of Ephesus, of the Imperial period, on which the Temple 

 and statue of the Ephesian Diana form the type of the reverse, we find a representation 

 of one of the two fronts with eiglit Ionic columns, and a sculptured composition in the 

 pediment ; and on minutely examining this representation of columns on the coins, it will 

 be seen that for about one -third of their height from the base, the shafts have an irregular 

 outline, as if sculptured in relief. It was conjectured some years ago by Professor 

 Donaldson, in his " Architectura JN"umismatica," that this peculiar appearance of columns 

 on the coins was intended to represent the calatura or relief, which Pliny states to have 

 ornamented thirty-six of the hundred and twenty-seven columns of the Temple. After 

 Mr. Wood's discovery of sculptured drums in situ, there can hardly be a doubt that Pro- 

 fessor Donaldson was right in his conjecture. Judgipg from the evidence of coins, it 

 might be inferred that the three lowest drums of the columns only were sculptured, and 

 Mr. Wood has arrived at the same conclusion from the evidence of a recently discovered 

 fragment. Though the composition on both these sculptured drums is so mutilated, 

 enough of it remains to show with what mastery and knowledge of architectonic conditions 

 the relief is treated, so as to adapt the figures to the convex surface on which they are 

 sculptured. These works must have been executed in the period of Lysippus, and cor- 

 respond in style with all that we know of the characteristics of his school. 



14. Fragment 



