OF SOUTHERN INDIA. 23 



4. — TJi, Conmeliana, d''Orb.^ is very likely also a Martesia, and the same must be said of the 

 three following species — 



h-l,—Fh. constricta, Phil._, Ph. subcylmdrica^ d^Orb._, and Tli, Bliodani, Piet. 



8. — Ph. Sancta-crucisy Pictet_, may be a Parapholas, with two middle furrows. 



9-11.— Ryckholt in his ^^ Melanges paleont.^' (I. pt., 1852, pp. 114-117,) describes from the 

 upper cretaceous beds of Belgium three species, Ph, supracretacea, Nystiana, and KicJcxiana. The first 

 one may be a species of Jouantieiia, and the last is said to differ slightly from it. Ph. Nystiana 

 has very much the form and character of the sub-generic type Anchomasa of the genus Barnea 

 (see antea p. 21). 



12. — An interesting new species. Ph. reticulata, was described by Miiller (Suppl. Petr. Aachner 

 Kreidef., 1859, p. 15, pi. 7, fig. 17,) from the Senonien beds of Aachen; it has the general form 

 of a Martesia, 



13. — Pholas Waldheimiiy d^Orb., I have already noticed when speaking of the genus Turmis, 

 (p. 19). 



14-20. — Meek in his Check-list of N. American cretaceous fossils quotes,- beside the three 

 species previously (p. 19) recorded under Xj/^p/?^,^^^*?^, Goniochasma, ^iTATurnus,- Martesia ? ctmeata, 

 Meek and Hayd., Pholas cithara, Mort., and Ph. cretacea, Gabb, (see Smith. Misc. Coll., No. 177, 

 1864, p. 16). Gabb in his Palteont. of California, I, p. 145, describes Martesia clausa from the 

 cretaceous beds of California. 



Ph. sclerotites, Geinitz, (Quadersandsteingebirge 185(), p. 144), can from the present known 

 description scarcely be acknowledged as a species of the Pholadid^. The author quotes it also 

 from the Upper Greensand of England, but does not state the authority for the reference. 



There are, including three new species from our Sth. Indian rocks, and excluding several doubt- 

 ful forms, at the present 23 species of pholadinjs known from cretaceous deposits. The Indian 

 species are Turnus lapidarius, Martesia tundens, and Parapholas mersa. Only a few specimens of 

 each of these species have been found, but they do not seem to be rare, though very local. There 

 is great difficulty in extracting the specimens from the fossilised wood, or stone, in a fit state for 

 description. 



II. TURNUS, Gabb, 1864, (see p. 19). 



1. Turnus lapidaimus, StoUczka, PI. I, Eig. 6. 



Tut, testa sub-ovata, inflata, umbonibus anticis, incurvatis, auricula anteriori 

 parva instructa, infra auriculam late hianti, postice subrotundata, fere clausa; 

 costa mediana ab umbonibus ad peripheriam decurrente tenui, sed valde prominenti, 

 altera postica latiore peripheriam versus fere obsoleta. Tubulis prolongatis, testaceis^ 

 tenuibus, clavatis, in superficie transversaliter rugulosis. 



The shell of this species is chiefly characterized by the very small anterior 

 auricle, the thin and sharp central rib, and the shallow and broader posterior rib ; 

 the latter becomes nearly obsolete towards the periphery. The ventral end of the 

 central area is rounded, not terminating with a thickened boss, as usual in Teredo. 

 The tubes are of a thin shelly structure, transversally minutely rugose and increase 

 rather rapidly in thickness. The species was found boring in sandstone without 

 any trace of wood ; the tubes seem to be in their original position, not loose, and 

 accidently buried in the mud. 



Locality, — Odium ; rare ; in yellowish calcareous sandstone. 



Formation. — Ootatoor group. 



